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Mendelian randomization analysis of 34,497 German Holstein cows to infer causal associations between milk production and health traits

Genetics selection evolution (Paris), 2024-04, Vol.56 (1), p.27-27 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2024. The Author(s). ;COPYRIGHT 2024 BioMed Central Ltd. ;The Author(s) 2024. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ;The Author(s) 2024 ;ISSN: 0999-193X ;EISSN: 1297-9686 ;DOI: 10.1186/s12711-024-00896-5 ;PMID: 38589805

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  • Title:
    Mendelian randomization analysis of 34,497 German Holstein cows to infer causal associations between milk production and health traits
  • Author: Schneider, Helen ; Haas, Valentin ; Krizanac, Ana-Marija ; Falker-Gieske, Clemens ; Heise, Johannes ; Tetens, Jens ; Thaller, Georg ; Bennewitz, Jörn
  • Subjects: Analysis ; Animals ; Cardiovascular disease ; Cattle ; Cattle - genetics ; Cellulitis ; Confounding (Statistics) ; Correlation ; Dairy cattle ; Dermatitis ; Digital Dermatitis ; Energy balance ; Estimates ; Female ; Fertility ; Genetic diversity ; Genetic variance ; Genomes ; Genomics ; Health aspects ; Hyperplasia ; Lactation - genetics ; Life Sciences ; Mastitis ; Mendelian Randomization Analysis ; Milk ; Milk production ; Nucleotide sequence ; Pleiotropy ; Randomization ; Statistical analysis ; Ulcers
  • Is Part Of: Genetics selection evolution (Paris), 2024-04, Vol.56 (1), p.27-27
  • Description: Claw diseases and mastitis represent the most important health issues in dairy cattle with a frequently mentioned connection to milk production. Although many studies have aimed at investigating this connection in more detail by estimating genetic correlations, they do not provide information about causality. An alternative is to carry out Mendelian randomization (MR) studies using genetic variants to investigate the effect of an exposure on an outcome trait mediated by genetic variants. No study has yet investigated the causal association of milk yield (MY) with health traits in dairy cattle. Hence, we performed a MR analysis of MY and seven health traits using imputed whole-genome sequence data from 34,497 German Holstein cows. We applied a method that uses summary statistics and removes horizontal pleiotropic variants (having an effect on both traits), which improves the power and unbiasedness of MR studies. In addition, genetic correlations between MY and each health trait were estimated to compare them with the estimates of causal effects that we expected. All genetic correlations between MY and each health trait were negative, ranging from - 0.303 (mastitis) to - 0.019 (digital dermatitis), which indicates a reduced health status as MY increases. The only non-significant correlation was between MY and digital dermatitis. In addition, each causal association was negative, ranging from - 0.131 (mastitis) to - 0.034 (laminitis), but the number of significant associations was reduced to five nominal and two experiment-wide significant results. The latter were between MY and mastitis and between MY and digital phlegmon. Horizontal pleiotropic variants were identified for mastitis, digital dermatitis and digital phlegmon. They were located within or nearby variants that were previously reported to have a horizontal pleiotropic effect, e.g., on milk production and somatic cell count. Our results confirm the known negative genetic connection between health traits and MY in dairy cattle. In addition, they provide new information about causality, which for example points to the negative energy balance mediating the connection between these traits. This knowledge helps to better understand whether the negative genetic correlation is based on pleiotropy, linkage between causal variants for both trait complexes, or indeed on a causal association.
  • Publisher: France: BioMed Central Ltd
  • Language: English;German
  • Identifier: ISSN: 0999-193X
    EISSN: 1297-9686
    DOI: 10.1186/s12711-024-00896-5
    PMID: 38589805
  • Source: TestCollectionTL3OpenAccess
    Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL) (Open Access)
    MEDLINE
    PubMed Central
    Alma/SFX Local Collection
    Springer Nature OA/Free Journals
    ProQuest Central
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