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Molecular and genetic analyses of Tic20 homologues in Arabidopsis thaliana chloroplasts

The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology, 2011-06, Vol.66 (5), p.877-889 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2011 The Authors. The Plant Journal © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd ;2015 INIST-CNRS ;2011 The Authors. The Plant Journal © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. ;ISSN: 0960-7412 ;EISSN: 1365-313X ;DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2011.04551.x ;PMID: 21395885

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Title:
Molecular and genetic analyses of Tic20 homologues in Arabidopsis thaliana chloroplasts
Author: Kasmati, Ali Reza ; Töpel, Mats ; Patel, Ramesh ; Murtaza, Ghulam ; Jarvis, Paul
Subjects: Arabidopsis ; Arabidopsis - genetics ; Arabidopsis - growth & development ; Arabidopsis - ultrastructure ; Arabidopsis Proteins - genetics ; Arabidopsis Proteins - metabolism ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biological Sciences ; Biologiska vetenskaper ; chloroplast protein import ; Chloroplasts ; Chloroplasts - genetics ; Chloroplasts - physiology ; Chloroplasts - ultrastructure ; Complementation ; COMPONENT ; Consensus Sequence ; Data processing ; Development ; Embryos ; Envelopes ; Evolution ; Evolution, Molecular ; Flowers & plants ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Genetic analysis ; Genetic Complementation Test ; Genetics ; Homozygote ; Homozygotes ; IN-VIVO ; INNER ENVELOPE MEMBRANE ; INSERTION ; Lethality ; MACHINERY ; Membrane Transport Proteins - genetics ; Membrane Transport Proteins - metabolism ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Mitochondria ; Molecular biology ; Mutagenesis, Insertional ; Mutation ; OUTER ENVELOPE ; Ovule - growth & development ; Phylogeny ; Pisum sativum ; Plant physiology and development ; PLASTIDS ; Polymerase chain reaction ; PROTEIN IMPORT APPARATUS ; protein targeting ; Protein transport ; Proteins ; REVERSE GENETICS ; Seeds - growth & development ; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT ; T-DNA ; TIC machinery ; Tic20 ; TOC ; TOC/TIC machinery ; Transfection ; Transgenes ; translocon
Is Part Of: The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology, 2011-06, Vol.66 (5), p.877-889
Description: Summary The Tic20 protein was identified in pea (Pisum sativum) as a component of the chloroplast protein import apparatus. In Arabidopsis, there are four Tic20 homologues, termed atTic20‐I, atTic20‐IV, atTic20‐II and atTic20‐V, all with predicted topological similarity to the pea protein (psTic20). Analysis of Tic20 sequences from many species indicated that they are phylogenetically unrelated to mitochondrial Tim17‐22‐23 proteins, and that they form two evolutionarily conserved subgroups [characterized by psTic20/atTic20‐I/IV (Group 1) and atTic20‐II/V (Group 2)]. Like psTic20, all four Arabidopsis proteins have a predicted transit peptide consistent with targeting to the inner envelope. Envelope localization of each one was confirmed by analysis of YFP fusions. RT‐PCR and microarray data revealed that the four genes are expressed throughout development. To assess the functional significance of the genes, T‐DNA mutants were identified. Homozygous tic20‐I plants had an albino phenotype that correlated with abnormal chloroplast development and reduced levels of chloroplast proteins. However, knockouts for the other three genes were indistinguishable from the wild type. To test for redundancy, double and triple mutants were studied; apart from those involving tic20‐I, none was distinguishable from the wild type. The tic20‐I tic20‐II and tic20‐I tic20‐V double mutants were albino, like the corresponding tic20‐I parent. In contrast, tic20‐I tic20‐IV double homozygotes could not be identified, due to gametophytic and embryonic lethality. Redundancy between atTic20‐I and atTic20‐IV was confirmed by complementation analysis. Thus, atTic20‐I and atTic20‐IV are the major functional Tic20 isoforms in Arabidopsis, with partially overlapping roles. While the Group 2 proteins have been conserved over approximately 1.2 billion (1.2 × 109) years, they are not essential for normal development.
Publisher: Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 0960-7412
EISSN: 1365-313X
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2011.04551.x
PMID: 21395885
Source: IngentaConnect Backfiles
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Molecular and genetic analyses of Tic20 homologues in Arabidopsis thaliana chloroplasts

2011 The Authors. The Plant Journal © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd ;2015 INIST-CNRS ;2011 The Authors. The Plant Journal © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. ;ISSN: 0960-7412 ;EISSN: 1365-313X ;DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2011.04551.x ;PMID: 21395885

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