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Achievement Approach Goals in Predicting At-Risk Boys' Behaviors

Research quarterly for exercise and sport, 2016-06, Vol.87 (S2), p.A74 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

Copyright Taylor & Francis Ltd. 2016 ;ISSN: 0270-1367 ;EISSN: 2168-3824 ;CODEN: RQESD4

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  • Title:
    Achievement Approach Goals in Predicting At-Risk Boys' Behaviors
  • Author: Liu, Jiling ; Scarmardo, Melissa ; Xiang, Ping ; McBride, Ron E ; Letterman, Larry ; Juzaily, Nasnoor ; Lee, Jihye
  • Subjects: Motivation
  • Is Part Of: Research quarterly for exercise and sport, 2016-06, Vol.87 (S2), p.A74
  • Description: In the 2 £ 2 achievement goal model (Elliot & McGregor, 2001), the mastery-approach goal (MAp) and performance-approach goal (PAp) represent 2 approach goals, while the mastery-avoidance goal (MAv) and performance-avoidance goal (PAv) represent 2 avoidance goals. Research has shown that MAp and PAp are more predictive of children's motivational outcomes and behaviors than MAv and PAv (e.g., Agbuga & Xiang, 2008). Therefore, this study focused on MAp and PAp in the prediction of prosocial and disruptive behaviors among a group of at-risk boys in a summer sports camp, a population less researched in achievement goal research. Participants were 99 at-risk boys aged 10 to 14 years old (Mage ¼ 9.99 years, SD ¼ 1.22) at a 3-week summer sports camp in the Southwestern Untied States from 2012 to 2013. The boys' ethnicity consisted of 51.5% Hispanic American, 19.2% African American, 18.2% Caucasian American, and 6.1% Others. Items used to measure the MAp and PAp goals and prosocial and disruptive behaviors were adapted from previous research (Agbuga, Xiang, & McBride, 2010; Guan, Xiang, & McBride, 2007; Liu, Karp, & Davis, 2010). Scale reliability of the measures was acceptable (Cronbach's alphas ¼ .73 -.84). Boys' prosocial behaviors were significantly correlated with MAp (r ¼ .49), PAp (r ¼ .29), and PAv(r ¼ .28), while disruptive behaviors negatively correlated with MAp (r ¼ 2 .24, p , .05). Multiple regression analyses revealed that 28% of the variance in prosocial behaviors was explained by MAp (b ¼ .45, p , .01) and PAp ( b ¼ .19, p ¼ .05), R 2 ¼ .28, F (2, 96) ¼ 18.25, p , .01. About 9% of the variance in disruptive behaviors was explained by MAp (b ¼ 2 .27, p , .01) and PAp ( b ¼ .18, p . .05), R 2 ¼ .09, F (2, 96) ¼ 4.47, p , .05. Consistent with previous research (e.g., Agbuga et al., 2010), MAp was a positive predictor of prosocial behaviors and a negative predictor of disruptive behaviors in our study. This finding suggests boys were more likely to cooperate with peers and less likely to be disruptive when they focused on learning and improvement (i.e., MAp). Therefore, we recommend that MAp be promoted at summer sports camps.
  • Publisher: Washington: Taylor & Francis Ltd
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 0270-1367
    EISSN: 2168-3824
    CODEN: RQESD4
  • Source: ProQuest Central
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