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Development of Thin Films from Thermomechanical Pulp Nanofibers of Radiata Pine (Pinus radiata D. Don) for Applications in Bio-Based Nanocomposites

Fibers, 2023-01, Vol.11 (1), p.1 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;ISSN: 2079-6439 ;EISSN: 2079-6439 ;DOI: 10.3390/fib11010001

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Title:
Development of Thin Films from Thermomechanical Pulp Nanofibers of Radiata Pine (Pinus radiata D. Don) for Applications in Bio-Based Nanocomposites
Author: Vergara-Figueroa, Judith ; Erazo, Oswaldo ; Pesenti, Héctor ; Valenzuela, Paulina ; Fernández-Pérez, Arturo ; Gacitúa, William
Subjects: Atomic force microscopy ; bio-based nanocomposites ; Biomass ; Capital costs ; Cellulose ; Cellulose fibers ; cellulose nanofibers with lignin ; Contact angle ; Energy consumption ; Fourier transforms ; Functional groups ; Homogenization ; Hot pressing ; Infrared spectroscopy ; Lignin ; Lignocellulose ; Mechanical properties ; micro-grinding ; Modulus of elasticity ; Morphology ; Nanocomposites ; Nanofibers ; Nanomaterials ; Nanotechnology ; Porosity ; Production methods ; radiata pine thermomechanical pulp ; Scanning electron microscopy ; Surface properties ; Tensile strength ; Thin films ; Vacuum filtration ; X-ray diffraction ; Zeolites
Is Part Of: Fibers, 2023-01, Vol.11 (1), p.1
Description: The main objective of this study was to develop cellulose nanofibers from the thermomechanical pulp (TMP) of Radiata Pine (Pinus radiata D. Don), and for this, a one-step micro-grinding process was used. The newly developed material was called thermomechanical pulp nanofibers (TMP-NF). In the first instance, a determination of the constituents of the TMP was carried out through a chemical characterization. Then, TMP-NFs were compared with cellulose nanofibers (CNF) by morphological analysis (Scanning Electron Microscopy, SEM, and Atomic Force Microscopy, AFM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy with Attenuated Total Reflection (FTIR-ATR). In addition, films were developed from TMP-NF and CNF using a vacuum filtration manufacturing method. For this study, 0.10, 0.25, 0.50, and 1.00% dry weight of CNF and TMP-NF were used as continuous matrices without organic solvents. The films were characterized by determining their morphological, physical, surface properties, and mechanical properties. The main results showed that morphological analysis by SEM and AFM for the fractionated sample indicated a fiber diameter distribution in the range of 990-17 nm and an average length of 5.8 µm. XRD analysis showed a crystallinity index of 90.8% in the CNF, while in the TMP-NF, it was 71.2%, which was foreseeable. FTIR-ATR analysis showed the functional groups of lignin and hemicellulose present in the TMP-NF sample. The films presented apparent porosity values of 33.63 for 1.00% solids content of CNF and 33.27% for 0.25% solids content of TMP-NF. The contact angle was 61.50° for 0.50% solids content of CNF and 84.60° for 1.00% solids content of TMP-NF. Regarding the mechanical properties, the modulus of elasticity was 74.65 MPa for CNF and 36.17 MPa for TMP-NF, and the tensile strength was 1.07 MPa for CNF and 0.69 MPa for TMP-NF. Although the mechanical properties turned out to be higher in the CNF films, the TMP-NF films showed improved surface characteristics as to surface hydrophobic and apparent porosity. In addition, the easy and rapid obtaining of TMP nanofibers makes it a promising material that can be used in biologically based nanocomposites.
Publisher: Basel: MDPI AG
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 2079-6439
EISSN: 2079-6439
DOI: 10.3390/fib11010001
Source: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources
ProQuest Central

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Development of Thin Films from Thermomechanical Pulp Nanofibers of Radiata Pine (Pinus radiata D. Don) for Applications in Bio-Based Nanocomposites

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