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Compartment syndromes

Mechanisms of Vascular Disease, 2011, p.351-374

The Contributors 2011 ;The Contributors 2011 ;2011 The Contributors ;ISBN: 0987171828 ;ISBN: 9780987171825 ;EISBN: 1922064009 ;EISBN: 9781922064004 ;DOI: 10.1017/UPO9781922064004.020

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Title:
Compartment syndromes
Author: Choke, Edward ; Sayers, Robert ; Bown, Matthew
Subjects: Abdomen ; Anatomy ; Biological sciences ; Biology ; Blood circulation ; Blood pressure ; Blood vessels ; Body regions ; Capillaries ; Cardiovascular diseases ; Cardiovascular physiology ; Cardiovascular system ; Circulatory system ; Compartment syndromes ; Diseases ; Fluid dynamics ; Fluid mechanics ; Fluid pressure ; Health sciences ; Hemodynamics ; Hypertension ; Ischemia ; Mechanics ; Medical conditions ; Medicine ; Muscle tissues ; Musculoskeletal system ; Physical sciences ; Physical trauma ; Physics ; Physiology ; Pressure reduction ; Surgery ; Symptoms ; System physiology ; Thermodynamics ; Torso ; Vascular diseases ; Water pressure
Is Part Of: Mechanisms of Vascular Disease, 2011, p.351-374
Description: DEFINITIONCompartment syndrome is a clinical and pathological syndrome where the pressure within an anatomical tissue compartment rises above the normal physiological value for that compartment and detrimentally alters the function of the tissues either temporarily or permanently. Acute compartment syndromes affecting the abdominal cavity and the fascial compartments of the limbs are those encountered in vascular surgery.ACUTE LIMB COMPARTMENT SYNDROMEThe importance of acute limb compartment syndrome (LCS) is that, if left untreated, it results in rhabdomyolysis with resultant release of potassium, myoglobin and other toxins into the systemic circulation, which can lead to renal and/or multi-organ failure. The mortality of acute renal failure and multi-organ failure is high. These patients require critical care which may involve dialysis and other organ support. Untreated LCS often necessitates amputation to prevent further acute systemic deterioration. If the immediate insult is survived without the need for amputation a permanently disabling ischaemic contracture may result.LCS arises due to the anatomical arrangement of muscles surrounded by restrictive, inelastic osteofascial envelopes. Increased pressure within these fascial compartments can occur as a result of extrinsic compression such as that from plaster casts or bandages, or increased volume of the contents of the compartment. The volume within the compartment can be increased as a result of enlargement of those tissues contained within the compartment (e.g.muscle oedema) or due to the presence of a pathological space-occupying mass (such as a haematoma or abscess).
Publisher: Adelaide: University of Adelaide Press
Language: English
Identifier: ISBN: 0987171828
ISBN: 9780987171825
EISBN: 1922064009
EISBN: 9781922064004
DOI: 10.1017/UPO9781922064004.020
Source: University of Adelaide Press (Open Access)
DOAB: Directory of Open Access Books
JSTOR eBooks: Open Access

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Compartment syndromes

The Contributors 2011 ;The Contributors 2011 ;2011 The Contributors ;ISBN: 0987171828 ;ISBN: 9780987171825 ;EISBN: 1922064009 ;EISBN: 9781922064004 ;DOI: 10.1017/UPO9781922064004.020

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