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Assessing "dangerous climate change": required reduction of carbon emissions to protect young people, future generations and nature

PloS one, 2013-12, Vol.8 (12), p.e81648 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

COPYRIGHT 2013 Public Library of Science ;COPYRIGHT 2013 Public Library of Science ;This is an open-access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication: http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;2013 ;ISSN: 1932-6203 ;EISSN: 1932-6203 ;DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081648 ;PMID: 24312568

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Title:
Assessing "dangerous climate change": required reduction of carbon emissions to protect young people, future generations and nature
Author: Hansen, James ; Kharecha, Pushker ; Sato, Makiko ; Masson-Delmotte, Valerie ; Ackerman, Frank ; Beerling, David J ; Hearty, Paul J ; Hoegh-Guldberg, Ove ; Hsu, Shi-Ling ; Parmesan, Camille ; Rockstrom, Johan ; Rohling, Eelco J ; Sachs, Jeffrey ; Smith, Pete ; Steffen, Konrad ; Van Susteren, Lise ; von Schuckmann, Karina ; Zachos, James C
Añel, Juan A.
Subjects: Animals ; Biosphere ; Carbon ; Carbon - chemistry ; Carbon cycle ; Carbon emissions ; Climate ; Climate Change ; Earth, Planet ; Ecosystem ; Emissions ; Emissions (Pollution) ; Emissions control ; Energy balance ; Energy consumption ; Energy measurement ; Energy minerals ; Environmental aspects ; Environmental assessment ; Fossil fuels ; Fuels ; Global warming ; Greenhouse effect ; Health aspects ; Holocene ; Humans ; Natural gas ; Paleoclimate ; Policy ; Review ; Social Responsibility ; Teenagers ; Young adults ; Youth
Is Part Of: PloS one, 2013-12, Vol.8 (12), p.e81648
Description: We assess climate impacts of global warming using ongoing observations and paleoclimate data. We use Earth's measured energy imbalance, paleoclimate data, and simple representations of the global carbon cycle and temperature to define emission reductions needed to stabilize climate and avoid potentially disastrous impacts on today's young people, future generations, and nature. A cumulative industrial-era limit of ∼500 GtC fossil fuel emissions and 100 GtC storage in the biosphere and soil would keep climate close to the Holocene range to which humanity and other species are adapted. Cumulative emissions of ∼1000 GtC, sometimes associated with 2°C global warming, would spur "slow" feedbacks and eventual warming of 3-4°C with disastrous consequences. Rapid emissions reduction is required to restore Earth's energy balance and avoid ocean heat uptake that would practically guarantee irreversible effects. Continuation of high fossil fuel emissions, given current knowledge of the consequences, would be an act of extraordinary witting intergenerational injustice. Responsible policymaking requires a rising price on carbon emissions that would preclude emissions from most remaining coal and unconventional fossil fuels and phase down emissions from conventional fossil fuels.
Publisher: United States: Public Library of Science
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 1932-6203
EISSN: 1932-6203
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081648
PMID: 24312568
Source: GFMER Free Medical Journals
MEDLINE
PubMed Central
SWEPUB Freely available online
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
ProQuest Central
DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals

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Assessing "dangerous climate change": required reduction of carbon emissions to protect young people, future generations and nature

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