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The Acanthamoeba–Fungal Keratitis Study

American journal of ophthalmology, 2019-05, Vol.201, p.31-36 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2019 Elsevier Inc. ;Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. ;ISSN: 0002-9394 ;EISSN: 1879-1891 ;DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2019.01.024 ;PMID: 30721687

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Title:
The Acanthamoeba–Fungal Keratitis Study
Author: Raghavan, Anita ; Baidwal, Shaffie ; Venkatapathy, Narendran ; Rammohan, Ram
Subjects: Acanthamoeba - isolation & purification ; Acanthamoeba Keratitis - diagnosis ; Acanthamoeba Keratitis - drug therapy ; Acanthamoeba Keratitis - epidemiology ; Acanthamoeba Keratitis - microbiology ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use ; Antiprotozoal Agents - therapeutic use ; Bacteria - isolation & purification ; Coinfection - diagnosis ; Coinfection - drug therapy ; Coinfection - epidemiology ; Coinfection - microbiology ; Contact Lenses - microbiology ; Contact Lenses - parasitology ; Corneal Stroma - microbiology ; Corneal Stroma - parasitology ; Corneal Ulcer - diagnosis ; Corneal Ulcer - epidemiology ; Corneal Ulcer - microbiology ; Corneal Ulcer - parasitology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Eye Infections, Bacterial - diagnosis ; Eye Infections, Bacterial - drug therapy ; Eye Infections, Bacterial - epidemiology ; Eye Infections, Bacterial - microbiology ; Eye Infections, Fungal - diagnosis ; Eye Infections, Fungal - drug therapy ; Eye Infections, Fungal - epidemiology ; Eye Infections, Fungal - microbiology ; Eye Infections, Parasitic - diagnosis ; Eye Infections, Parasitic - drug therapy ; Eye Infections, Parasitic - epidemiology ; Eye Infections, Parasitic - microbiology ; Female ; Fungi - isolation & purification ; Humans ; India - epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Young Adult
Is Part Of: American journal of ophthalmology, 2019-05, Vol.201, p.31-36
Description: To ascertain the incidence of Acanthamoeba keratitis and the coexistence of Acanthamoeba and fungi in microbial keratitis. Prospective cross-sectional study. Patients presenting with stromal keratitis were additionally tested for Acanthamoeba irrespective of the clinical diagnosis. Culture positivity was the gold standard. Of the 401 cases included in the study, 40 were positive for Acanthamoeba (10%); of these 40, 16 were positive for both Acanthamoeba and fungi (4.5% of the study group was Acanthamoeba and fungal keratitis positive); 5 were positive for Acanthamoeba and bacteria; and 2 had triple infection with Acanthamoeba, fungi, and bacteria. Ring infiltrates and stromal edema are frequently associated with Acanthamoeba keratitis, as well as in Acanthamoeba coinfections. Ring infiltrates in particular were more frequently seen in the Acanthamoeba and fungal keratitis group (8/16) and they were often yellowish with hyphate edges (vs ring infiltrates only, which are seen in the patients with Acanthamoeba alone). Only 2 patients were contact lens wearers: however, they presented with history of trauma. Acanthamoeba coinfections are much more frequent and are not restricted to contact lens users. Anticipating coinfections is necessary for establishing a diagnosis as well as for appropriate and timely therapeutic interventions. •This is the first definitive study establishing the incidence of Acanthamoeba coinfections.•The study makes specific reference to coexistent Acanthamoeba and fungal keratitis.
Publisher: United States: Elsevier Inc
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 0002-9394
EISSN: 1879-1891
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2019.01.024
PMID: 30721687
Source: MEDLINE
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The Acanthamoeba–Fungal Keratitis Study

2019 Elsevier Inc. ;Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. ;ISSN: 0002-9394 ;EISSN: 1879-1891 ;DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2019.01.024 ;PMID: 30721687

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