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Long-term fate of nitrate fertilizer in agricultural soils

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 2013-11, Vol.110 (45), p.18185-18189 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

copyright © 1993–2008 National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America ;2015 INIST-CNRS ;Copyright National Academy of Sciences Nov 5, 2013 ;Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ;ISSN: 0027-8424 ;EISSN: 1091-6490 ;DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1305372110 ;PMID: 24145428 ;CODEN: PNASA6

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Title:
Long-term fate of nitrate fertilizer in agricultural soils
Author: Sebilo, Mathieu ; Mayer, Bernhard ; Nicolardot, Bernard ; Pinay, Gilles ; Mariotti, André
Subjects: Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions ; Animal, plant and microbial ecology ; Applied ecology ; Applied sciences ; Aquifers ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biological Sciences ; Colorimetry ; Contamination ; Drinking water ; Environmental Monitoring - statistics & numerical data ; Environmental Pollution - analysis ; Environmental Sciences ; Eutrophication ; Exact sciences and technology ; Fertilizers ; Fertilizers - analysis ; France ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; General agronomy. Plant production ; Grassland soils ; Groundwater ; Groundwater - chemistry ; Mass Spectrometry ; Nitrates ; Nitrates - analysis ; Nitrates - pharmacokinetics ; Nitrogen ; Nitrogen Isotopes - analysis ; Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizations ; Organic fertilizers ; Organic soils ; Oxygen Isotopes - analysis ; Physical Sciences ; Plants - metabolism ; Pollution ; Soil - chemistry ; Soil and water pollution ; Soil biochemistry ; Soil organic matter ; Soil pollution ; Soil science ; Soil water ; Soil-plant relationships. Soil fertility. Fertilization. Amendments ; Time Factors ; Water treatment and pollution
Is Part Of: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 2013-11, Vol.110 (45), p.18185-18189
Description: Increasing diffuse nitrate loading of surface waters and groundwater has emerged as a major problem in many agricultural areas of the world, resulting in contamination of drinking water resources in aquifers as well as eutrophication of freshwaters and coastal marine ecosystems. Although empirical correlations between application rates of N fertilizers to agricultural soils and nitrate contamination of adjacent hydrological systems have been demonstrated, the transit times of fertilizer N in the pedosphere–hydrosphere system are poorly understood. We investigated the fate of isotopically labeled nitrogen fertilizers in a three–decade-long in situ tracer experiment that quantified not only fertilizer N uptake by plants and retention in soils, but also determined to which extent and over which time periods fertilizer N stored in soil organic matter is rereleased for either uptake in crops or export into the hydrosphere. We found that 61–65% of the applied fertilizers N were taken up by plants, whereas 12–15% of the labeled fertilizer N were still residing in the soil organic matter more than a quarter century after tracer application. Between 8–12% of the applied fertilizer had leaked toward the hydrosphere during the 30-y observation period. We predict that additional exports of ¹⁵N-labeled nitrate from the tracer application in 1982 toward the hydrosphere will continue for at least another five decades. Therefore, attempts to reduce agricultural nitrate contamination of aquatic systems must consider the long-term legacy of past applications of synthetic fertilizers in agricultural systems and the nitrogen retention capacity of agricultural soils.
Publisher: Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 0027-8424
EISSN: 1091-6490
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1305372110
PMID: 24145428
CODEN: PNASA6
Source: GFMER Free Medical Journals
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Long-term fate of nitrate fertilizer in agricultural soils

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