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Exposure of the U.S. Population to Bisphenol A and 4-tertiary-Octylphenol: 2003-2004

Environmental health perspectives, 2008-01, Vol.116 (1), p.39-44 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

COPYRIGHT 2008 National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences ;COPYRIGHT 2008 National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences ;Copyright National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Jan 2008 ;2008 ;ISSN: 0091-6765 ;EISSN: 1552-9924 ;DOI: 10.1289/ehp.10753 ;PMID: 18197297

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  • Title:
    Exposure of the U.S. Population to Bisphenol A and 4-tertiary-Octylphenol: 2003-2004
  • Author: Calafat, Antonia M. ; Xiaoyun Ye ; Lee-Yang Wong ; Reidy, John A. ; Needham, Larry L.
  • Subjects: Adolescent ; Adolescents ; Adult ; Adults ; Age ; Benzhydryl Compounds ; Bisphenol-A ; Bisphenols ; Business publications audits ; Chemical hazards ; Child ; Children ; Demography ; Environmental health ; Environmental Monitoring ; Environmental Pollutants - urine ; Estrogens, Non-Steroidal - urine ; Female ; Geometric mean ; Health aspects ; Humans ; Income ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nutrition Surveys ; Phenols - urine ; Public health ; United States ; Urine
  • Is Part Of: Environmental health perspectives, 2008-01, Vol.116 (1), p.39-44
  • Description: BACKGROUND: Bisphenol A (BPA) and 4-tertiary-octylphenol are industrial chemicals used in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins (BPA) and nonionic surfactants. These products are in widespread use in the United States. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess exposure to BPA and tOP in the U.S. general population. METHODS: We measured the total (free plus conjugated) urinary concentrations of BPA and tOP in 2,517 participants ≥ 6 years of age in the 2003-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey using automated solid-phase extraction coupled to isotope dilution-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS: BPA and tOP were detected in 92.6% and 57.4% of the persons, respectively. Least square geometric mean (LSGM) concentrations of BPA were significantly lower in Mexican Americans than in non-Hispanic blacks (p = 0.006) and non-Hispanic whites (p = 0.007); LSGM concentrations for non-Hispanic blacks and non-Hispanic whites were not statistically different (p = 0.21). Females had statistically higher BPA LSGM concentrations than males (p = 0.043). Children had higher concentrations than adolescents (p < 0.001), who in turn had higher concentrations than adults (p = 0.003). LSGM concentrations were lowest for participants in the high household income category (> $45,000/year). CONCLUSIONS: Urine concentrations of total BPA differed by race/ethnicity, age, sex, and house-hold income. These first U.S. population representative concentration data for urinary BPA and tOP should help guide public health research priorities, including studies of exposure pathways, potential health effects, and risk assessment.
  • Publisher: United States: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. National Institutes of Health. Department of Health, Education and Welfare
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 0091-6765
    EISSN: 1552-9924
    DOI: 10.1289/ehp.10753
    PMID: 18197297
  • Source: U.S. Government Documents
    MEDLINE
    PubMed Central
    ProQuest Central
    DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
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