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Immunological Consequences of Intestinal Fungal Dysbiosis

Cell host & microbe, 2016-06, Vol.19 (6), p.865-873 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2016 Elsevier Inc. ;Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. ;ISSN: 1931-3128 ;EISSN: 1934-6069 ;DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2016.05.003 ;PMID: 27237365

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Title:
Immunological Consequences of Intestinal Fungal Dysbiosis
Author: Wheeler, Matthew L. ; Limon, Jose J. ; Bar, Agnieszka S. ; Leal, Christian A. ; Gargus, Matthew ; Tang, Jie ; Brown, Jordan ; Funari, Vincent A. ; Wang, Hanlin L. ; Crother, Timothy R. ; Arditi, Moshe ; Underhill, David M. ; Iliev, Iliyan D.
Subjects: Amphotericin B - adverse effects ; Amphotericin B - pharmacology ; Animals ; Antifungal Agents - adverse effects ; Antifungal Agents - pharmacology ; Bacteria - drug effects ; Base Sequence ; Colitis - immunology ; Colitis - microbiology ; Dietary Supplements ; Drug Hypersensitivity - immunology ; Drug Hypersensitivity - microbiology ; Dysbiosis - chemically induced ; Dysbiosis - immunology ; Fluconazole - adverse effects ; Fluconazole - pharmacology ; Fungi - drug effects ; Fungi - genetics ; Fungi - immunology ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome - drug effects ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome - immunology ; Hypersensitivity - immunology ; Hypersensitivity - microbiology ; Intestines - microbiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL
Is Part Of: Cell host & microbe, 2016-06, Vol.19 (6), p.865-873
Description: Compared to bacteria, the role of fungi within the intestinal microbiota is poorly understood. In this study we investigated whether the presence of a “healthy” fungal community in the gut is important for modulating immune function. Prolonged oral treatment of mice with antifungal drugs resulted in increased disease severity in acute and chronic models of colitis, and also exacerbated the development of allergic airway disease. Microbiota profiling revealed restructuring of fungal and bacterial communities. Specifically, representation of Candida spp. was reduced, while Aspergillus, Wallemia, and Epicoccum spp. were increased. Oral supplementation with a mixture of three fungi found to expand during antifungal treatment (Aspergillus amstelodami, Epicoccum nigrum, and Wallemia sebi) was sufficient to recapitulate the exacerbating effects of antifungal drugs on allergic airway disease. Taken together, these results indicate that disruption of commensal fungal populations can influence local and peripheral immune responses and enhance relevant disease states. [Display omitted] •Oral treatment of mice with antifungal drugs exacerbates disease severity of colitis•Oral antifungals increase the severity of allergic airway disease in mice•Antifungal drugs induce dysbiosis in which some fungi are reduced and others expand•Three identified fungi are sufficient to increase severity of allergic airway disease Compared to bacteria, the role of fungi within the intestinal microbiota is poorly understood. Using oral antifungal drugs to disrupt the intestinal fungal microbiota in mice, Wheeler et al. (2016) find that fungal community dysbiosis can worsen the outcome of colitis and allergic airway disease.
Publisher: United States: Elsevier Inc
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 1931-3128
EISSN: 1934-6069
DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2016.05.003
PMID: 27237365
Source: Cell Press Free Archives
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Immunological Consequences of Intestinal Fungal Dysbiosis

2016 Elsevier Inc. ;Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. ;ISSN: 1931-3128 ;EISSN: 1934-6069 ;DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2016.05.003 ;PMID: 27237365

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