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Age- and weight group-specific weight gain patterns in children and adolescents during the 15 years before and during the COVID-19 pandemic

International Journal of Obesity, 2022-01, Vol.46 (1), p.144-152 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2021. The Author(s). ;COPYRIGHT 2022 Nature Publishing Group ;The Author(s) 2021. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;The Author(s) 2021 ;ISSN: 0307-0565 ;EISSN: 1476-5497 ;DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00968-2 ;PMID: 34556774

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Title:
Age- and weight group-specific weight gain patterns in children and adolescents during the 15 years before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Author: Vogel, Mandy ; Geserick, Mandy ; Gausche, Ruth ; Beger, Christoph ; Poulain, Tanja ; Meigen, Christof ; Körner, Antje ; Keller, Eberhard ; Kiess, Wieland ; Pfäffle, Roland
Subjects: Adolescent ; Body Mass Index ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Children ; Children & youth ; Comparative analysis ; Coronaviruses ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 - epidemiology ; COVID-19 - prevention & control ; Disease control ; Epidemics ; Female ; Forecasts and trends ; Germany ; Germany - epidemiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Influence ; Male ; Obesity ; Obesity in children ; Pandemics ; Pediatric Obesity - epidemiology ; Quarantine ; Registries ; Risk Factors ; Subgroups ; Teenagers ; Trends ; Weight Gain ; Weight gain measurement
Is Part Of: International Journal of Obesity, 2022-01, Vol.46 (1), p.144-152
Description: There is a concern that measures aiming to limit a further spread of COVID-19, e.g., school closures and social distancing, cause an aggravation of the childhood obesity epidemic. Therefore, we compared BMI trends during the 15 years before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. To assess the change in weight dynamics during the first months of COVID-19, we compared the trends of 3-month change in BMI-SDS (ΔBMI-SDS) and the proportions of children showing a high positive (HPC) or high negative (HNC) weight change between 2005 and 2019 and the respective changes from 2019 (pre-pandemic) to 2020 (after the onset of anti-pandemic measures) in more than 150,000 children (9689 during the pandemic period). The period of 3 months corresponds approximately to the first lockdown period in Germany. During the COVID-19 pandemic, we found a substantial weight gain across all weight and age groups, reflected by an increase in the 3-month change in BMI-SDS (β = 0.05, p < 0.001), an increase in the proportion of children showing HPC (OR = 1.4, p < 0.001), and a decrease in the proportion of children showing HNC (OR = 0.7, p < 0.001). Besides, we found the same trends since 2005 on a low but stable level with a yearly increase of ΔBMI-SDS by β = 0.001 (p < 0.001), the odds of HPC increased by OR = 1.01 (p < 0.001), and the odds of HNC decreased by OR = 0.99 (p < 0.001). These rather small effects accumulated to β = 0.02, OR = 1.14, and OR = 0.85 over the whole period 2005-2019. Alarmingly, both the long-term and the short-term effects were most pronounced in the obese subgroup. There are positive dynamics in different measures of weight change, indicating a positive trend in weight gain patterns, especially within the group of children with obesity. These dynamics are likely to be escalated by COVID-19-related measures. Thus, they may lead to a significant further aggravation of the childhood obesity pandemic.
Publisher: England: Nature Publishing Group
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 0307-0565
EISSN: 1476-5497
DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00968-2
PMID: 34556774
Source: ProQuest One Psychology
MEDLINE
ProQuest Central

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Age- and weight group-specific weight gain patterns in children and adolescents during the 15 years before and during the COVID-19 pandemic

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