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Frequency of use of the International Classification of Diseases ICD-10 diagnostic categories for mental and behavioural disorders across world regions

Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences, 2018-12, Vol.27 (6), p.568-576 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

Copyright © World Health Organization under license to Cambridge University Press 2017 ;World Health Organization under license to Cambridge University Press 2017 2017 World Health Organization under license to Cambridge University Press ;ISSN: 2045-7960 ;EISSN: 2045-7979 ;DOI: 10.1017/S2045796017000683 ;PMID: 29117869

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  • Title:
    Frequency of use of the International Classification of Diseases ICD-10 diagnostic categories for mental and behavioural disorders across world regions
  • Author: Faiad, Y. ; Khoury, B. ; Daouk, S. ; Maj, M. ; Keeley, J. ; Gureje, O. ; Reed, G.
  • Subjects: Alcoholic beverages ; Alzheimer's disease ; Cannabinoids ; Categories ; Classification ; Cross-Cultural Comparison ; Dementia disorders ; Drug abuse ; Female ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; Income ; International ; International Classification of Diseases ; Male ; Medical diagnosis ; Mental disorders ; Mental Disorders - classification ; Mental Disorders - diagnosis ; Mental health ; Neurodegenerative diseases ; Obsessive compulsive disorder ; Participation ; Psychiatrists ; Psychiatry ; Psychosis ; Somatoform disorders ; Special ; Special Articles ; Statistical analysis ; Studies ; Variation ; World Health Organization
  • Is Part Of: Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences, 2018-12, Vol.27 (6), p.568-576
  • Description: The study aimed to examine variations in the use of International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Edition (ICD-10) diagnostic categories for mental and behavioural disorders across countries, regions and income levels using data from the online World Psychiatric Association (WPA)-World Health Organization (WHO) Global Survey that examined the attitudes of psychiatrists towards the classification of mental disorders. A survey was sent to 46 psychiatric societies which are members of WPA. A total of 4887 psychiatrists participated in the survey, which asked about their use of classification, their preferred system and the categories that were used most frequently. The majority (70.1%) of participating psychiatrists (out of 4887 psychiatrists) reported using the ICD-10 the most and using at least one diagnostic category once a week. Nine out of 44 diagnostic categories were considerably variable in terms of frequency of use across countries. These were: emotionally unstable personality disorder, borderline type; dissociative (conversion) disorder; somatoform disorders; obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD); mental and behavioural disorders due to the use of alcohol; adjustment disorder; mental and behavioural disorders due to the use of cannabinoids; dementia in Alzheimer's disease; and acute and transient psychotic disorder. The frequency of use for these nine categories was examined across WHO regions and income levels. The most striking differences across WHO regions were found for five out of these nine categories. For dissociative (conversion) disorder, use was highest for the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMRO) and non-existent for the WHO African Region. For mental and behavioural disorders due to the use of alcohol, use was lowest for EMRO. For mental and behavioural disorders due to the use of cannabinoids, use was lowest for the WHO European Region and the WHO Western Pacific Region. For OCD and somatoform disorders, use was lowest for EMRO and the WHO Southeast Asian Region. Differences in the frequency of use across income levels were statistically significant for all categories except for mental and behavioural disorders due to the use of alcohol. The most striking variations were found for acute and transient psychotic disorder, which was reported to be more commonly used among psychiatrists from countries with lower income levels. The differences in frequency of use reported in the current study show that cross-cultural variations in psychiatric practice exist. However, whether these differences are due to the variations in prevalence, treatment-seeking behaviour and other factors, such as psychiatrist and patient characteristics as a result of culture, cannot be determined based on the findings of the study. Further research is needed to examine whether these variations are culturally determined and how that would affect the cross-cultural applicability of ICD-10 diagnostic categories.
  • Publisher: Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press
  • Language: English;Italian
  • Identifier: ISSN: 2045-7960
    EISSN: 2045-7979
    DOI: 10.1017/S2045796017000683
    PMID: 29117869
  • Source: ProQuest One Psychology
    Journals@Ovid Open Access Journal Collection Rolling
    MEDLINE
    PubMed Central
    ProQuest Central
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