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Impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic on Invasive Pneumococcal Disease and Risk of Pneumococcal Coinfection With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): Prospective National Cohort Study, England

Clinical infectious diseases, 2021-03, Vol.72 (5), p.e65-e75 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

Crown copyright 2020. ;ISSN: 1058-4838 ;EISSN: 1537-6591 ;DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1728 ;PMID: 33196783

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  • Title:
    Impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic on Invasive Pneumococcal Disease and Risk of Pneumococcal Coinfection With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): Prospective National Cohort Study, England
  • Author: Amin-Chowdhury, Zahin ; Aiano, Felicity ; Mensah, Anna ; Sheppard, Carmen L ; Litt, David ; Fry, Norman K ; Andrews, Nick ; Ramsay, Mary E ; Ladhani, Shamez N
  • Subjects: Aged ; Cohort Studies ; Coinfection - epidemiology ; Communicable Disease Control ; COVID-19 ; England - epidemiology ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Pneumococcal Infections - complications ; Pneumococcal Infections - epidemiology ; Prospective Studies ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Streptococcus pneumoniae
  • Is Part Of: Clinical infectious diseases, 2021-03, Vol.72 (5), p.e65-e75
  • Description: Streptococcus pneumoniae coinfection with influenza results in synergistic lethality, but there are limited data on pneumococcal coinfection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Public Health England conducts invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and SARS-CoV-2 surveillance in England. IPD trends during 2000/2001-2019/2020 epidemiological years were analyzed and cases during February-June 2020 linked with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess risk factors for death. IPD incidence in 2019/2020 (7.6/100 000; n = 3964) was 30% (IRR, .70; 95% CI, .18-2.67) lower compared with 2018/2019 (10.9/100 000; n = 5666), with large reductions observed across all age groups during March-June 2020. There were 160 886 SARS-CoV-2 and 1137 IPD cases during February-June 2020, including 40 IPD/coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) co-infections (.025% [95% CI, .018-.034] of SARS-CoV-2 infections; 3.5% [2.5-4.8] of IPD cases), 21 with COVID-19 diagnosed 3-27 days after IPD, and 27 who developed COVID-19 ≥28 days after IPD. Case-fatality rates (CFRs) were 62.5 (25/40), 47.6% (10/21), and 33.3% (9/27), respectively (P < .001). In addition to an independent association with increasing age and serotype group, CFR was 7.8-fold (95% CI, 3.8-15.8) higher in those with IPD/COVID-19 coinfection and 3.9-fold (95% CI, 1.4-10.7) higher in patients who developed COVID-19 3-27 days after IPD compared with patients with IPD only. Large declines in IPD were observed following COVID-19 lockdown. IPD/COVID-19 coinfections were rare but associated with high CFR, mainly in older adults. The rarity, age and serotype distribution of IPD/COVID-19 coinfections do not support wider extension of pneumococcal vaccination.
  • Publisher: United States
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 1058-4838
    EISSN: 1537-6591
    DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1728
    PMID: 33196783
  • Source: MEDLINE
    Alma/SFX Local Collection
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