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Changes in adult smoking behaviours in ten global adult tobacco survey (GATS) countries during 2008-2018 - a test of 'hardening' hypothesis'

BMC public health, 2021-06, Vol.21 (1), p.1209-1209, Article 1209 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

COPYRIGHT 2021 BioMed Central Ltd. ;2021. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;The Author(s) 2021 ;ISSN: 1471-2458 ;EISSN: 1471-2458 ;DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11201-0 ;PMID: 34167508

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  • Title:
    Changes in adult smoking behaviours in ten global adult tobacco survey (GATS) countries during 2008-2018 - a test of 'hardening' hypothesis'
  • Author: Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T ; Aye, Saint Nway
  • Subjects: Adult ; Bangladesh ; Behavior ; China ; Cigarette smoking ; Cigarettes ; Compounds ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Demographic aspects ; Developing countries ; Distribution ; Estimates ; Female ; Forecasts and trends ; Hardcore smoking ; Hardening ; Humans ; Hypotheses ; India - epidemiology ; Industrialized nations ; LDCs ; Male ; Mexico - epidemiology ; Nicotiana ; Nicotine dependence ; Philippines ; Polls & surveys ; Population ; Prevalence ; Questionnaires ; Russia ; Sexes ; Smoking ; Smoking - epidemiology ; Smoking Cessation ; Tobacco ; Tobacco Products ; Tobacco smoking behaviors ; Turkey ; Ukraine - epidemiology ; Uruguay ; Vietnam
  • Is Part Of: BMC public health, 2021-06, Vol.21 (1), p.1209-1209, Article 1209
  • Description: Hardcore smoking behaviours and test of hardening are seldom reported from low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs). We report country-wise changes in smoking behaviors between two sequential surveys and explored ecologically the relationship between MPOWER scores and smoking behaviors including hardcore smoking. We analysed sequential Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) data done at least at five years interval in 10 countries namely India, Bangladesh, China, Mexico, Philippines, Russia, Turkey, Ukraine, Uruguay, and Vietnam. We estimated weighted prevalence rates of smoking behaviors namely current smoking (both daily and non-daily), prevalence of hardcore smoking (HCS) among current smokers (HCSs%) and entire surveyed population (HCSp%), quit ratios (QR), and the number of cigarettes smoked per day (CPD). We calculated absolute and relative (%) change in rates between two surveys in each country. Using aggregate data, we correlated relative change in current smoking prevalence with relative change in HCSs% and HCSp% as well as explored the relationship of MPOWER score with relative change in smoking behaviors using Spearman' rank correlation test. Overall daily smoking has declined in all ten countries lead by a 23% decline in Russia. In India, Bangladesh, and Philippines HCSs% decreased as the smoking rate decreased while HCSs% increased in Turkey (66%), Vietnam (33%) and Ukraine (15%). In most countries, CPD ranged from 15 to 20 sticks except in Mexico (7.8), and India (10.4) where CPD declined by 18 and 22% respectively. MPOWER scores were moderately correlated with HCSs% in both sexes (r = 0.644, p = 0.044) and HCSp% (r = 0.632, p = 0.05) and among women only HCSs% (r = 0.804, p = 0.005) was significantly correlated with MPOWER score. With declining smoking prevalence, HCS had also decreased and quit rates improved. Ecologically, a positive linear relationship between changes in smoking and HCS is a possible evidence against 'hardening'. Continued monitoring of the changes in quitting and hardcore smoking behaviours is required to plan cessation services.
  • Publisher: England: BioMed Central Ltd
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 1471-2458
    EISSN: 1471-2458
    DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11201-0
    PMID: 34167508
  • Source: GFMER Free Medical Journals
    MEDLINE
    PubMed Central
    Springer Nature OA/Free Journals
    ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources
    ProQuest Central
    DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
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