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Torrential Hazard Prevention in Alpine Small Basin through Historical, Empirical and Geomorphological Cross Analysis in NW Italy

Land (Basel), 2022-05, Vol.11 (5), p.699 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;ISSN: 2073-445X ;EISSN: 2073-445X ;DOI: 10.3390/land11050699

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  • Title:
    Torrential Hazard Prevention in Alpine Small Basin through Historical, Empirical and Geomorphological Cross Analysis in NW Italy
  • Author: Turconi, Laura ; Tropeano, Domenico ; Savio, Gabriele ; Bono, Barbara ; De, Sunil Kumar ; Frasca, Marco ; Luino, Fabio
  • Subjects: Aerial surveys ; Alluvial fans ; Anthropogenic factors ; Casualties ; Catchments ; Cost analysis ; Damage ; Debris ; debris flow and torrential hazard ; debris supply prediction ; Detritus ; Empirical analysis ; Floods ; Flow ; Flow stability ; geomorphological analysis ; Geomorphology ; Historical analysis ; historical data ; Hydrology ; Landslides & mudslides ; Morphology ; Mountains ; Prediction models ; Prevention ; resilience ; Resorts & spas ; Risk management ; Satellite imagery ; Sediment transport ; Slope stability ; Tourism ; Urban areas ; Urban planning
  • Is Part Of: Land (Basel), 2022-05, Vol.11 (5), p.699
  • Description: Debris flow is one of the most dangerous natural processes in mountain regions and it occur in a wide variety of environments throughout the world. In the Italian Alps, some tens of thousands of damaging debris flow and, in general, torrential floods associated to intense sediment transport in secondary catchments have been documented in the last 300 years. These have caused socio-economic damage, damage to anthropogenic structures or infrastructures and in many cases casualties. Often, in the same basins, the occurrence of debris-flow processes recurs many years later. Prediction can often be spatial and based on the magnitude of the largest known process, while the temporal forecast is the most uncertain. It is also possible to increase the resilience of the population and of the territory. The present study aims at investigating different levels of debris-flow hazard in urban areas on Alpine alluvial fans and proposes a strategy for debris-flow prevention based on historical research and on a simplified analytical approach, methods that also involve relatively low costs. For such analysis, Ischiator stream catchment (ca. 20 km2) and its alluvial fan (NW Italy) were selected. This area was partly affected by historical torrential flood associated to intense sediment transport and debris-flow processes. Present-day instability conditions along the slope and the stream network were detected and synthesized through surveys and aerial photo interpretation integrated by satellite images (period 1954–2021). An estimation of the potential amount of moving detritus, referred to as debris flow, was carried out regarding the June 1957 debris-flow event, based on the predictive models. The individual hazard index value was estimated based on different methods. The results indicate that 56% of the area is exposed to flood associated to intense sediment transport hazard, which fluctuates from high to very high levels; such results are supported by debris-flow historical records. Since today almost half of the settlement (Bagni di Vinadio) is located on potentially risk-exposed areas, the urban evolution policy adopted after the 1957 event failed to manage the risk connection to debris-flow activity.
  • Publisher: Basel: MDPI AG
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 2073-445X
    EISSN: 2073-445X
    DOI: 10.3390/land11050699
  • Source: ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources
    ProQuest Central
    DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
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