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Flexible and conductive MXene films and nanocomposites with high capacitance

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 2014-11, Vol.111 (47), p.16676-16681 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

copyright © 1993–2008 National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America ;Copyright National Academy of Sciences Nov 25, 2014 ;ISSN: 0027-8424 ;ISSN: 1091-6490 ;EISSN: 1091-6490 ;DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1414215111 ;PMID: 25389310

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  • Title:
    Flexible and conductive MXene films and nanocomposites with high capacitance
  • Author: Ling, Zheng ; Ren, Chang E. ; Zhao, Meng-Qiang ; Yang, Jian ; Giammarco, James M. ; Qiu, Jieshan ; Barsoum, Michel W. ; Gogotsi, Yury
  • Subjects: Capacitance ; Carbides ; Conductivity ; Electrodes ; ENERGY STORAGE ; Graphene ; Hydrophilic surfaces ; Material films ; MATERIALS SCIENCE ; Movies ; Nanocomposites ; Oxides ; Physical Sciences ; Polymers ; Polyvinyl alcohol ; Tensile strength
  • Is Part Of: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 2014-11, Vol.111 (47), p.16676-16681
  • Description: MXenes, a new family of 2D materials, combine hydrophilic surfaces with metallic conductivity. Delamination of MXene produces single-layer nanosheets with thickness of about a nanometer and lateral size of the order of micrometers. The high aspect ratio of delaminated MXene renders it promising nanofiller in multifunctional polymer nanocomposites. Herein, Ti ₃C ₂T ₓ MXene was mixed with either a charged polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) or an electrically neutral polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to produce Ti ₃C ₂T ₓ/polymer composites. The as-fabricated composites are flexible and have electrical conductivities as high as 2.2 × 10 ⁴ S/m in the case of the Ti ₃C ₂T ₓ/PVA composite film and 2.4 × 10 ⁵ S/m for pure Ti ₃C ₂T ₓ films. The tensile strength of the Ti ₃C ₂T ₓ/PVA composites was significantly enhanced compared with pure Ti ₃C ₂T ₓ or PVA films. The intercalation and confinement of the polymer between the MXene flakes not only increased flexibility but also enhanced cationic intercalation, offering an impressive volumetric capacitance of ∼530 F/cm ³ for MXene/PVA-KOH composite film at 2 mV/s. To our knowledge, this study is a first, but crucial, step in exploring the potential of using MXenes in polymer-based multifunctional nanocomposites for a host of applications, such as structural components, energy storage devices, wearable electronics, electrochemical actuators, and radiofrequency shielding, to name a few. Significance Two-dimensional transition metal carbides (MXenes) offer a quite unique combination of excellent mechanical properties, hydrophilic surfaces, and metallic conductivity. In this first report (to our knowledge) on MXene composites of any kind, we show that adding polymer binders/spacers between atomically thin MXenes layers or reinforcing polymers with MXenes results in composite films that have excellent flexibility, good tensile and compressive strengths, and electrical conductivity that can be adjusted over a wide range. The volumetric capacitances of freestanding Ti ₃C ₂T ₓ MXene and its composite films exceed all previously published results. Owing to their mechanical strength and impressive capacitive performance, these films have the potential to be used for structural energy storage devices, electrochemical actuators, radiofrequency shielding, among other applications.
  • Publisher: United States: National Academy of Sciences
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 0027-8424
    ISSN: 1091-6490
    EISSN: 1091-6490
    DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1414215111
    PMID: 25389310
  • Source: Geneva Foundation Free Medical Journals at publisher websites
    PubMed Central
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