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On the Anisotropic Mechanical Properties of Selective Laser-Melted Stainless Steel

Materials, 2017-09, Vol.10 (10), p.1136 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

Copyright MDPI AG 2017 ;2017 by the authors. 2017 ;ISSN: 1996-1944 ;EISSN: 1996-1944 ;DOI: 10.3390/ma10101136 ;PMID: 28954426

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Title:
On the Anisotropic Mechanical Properties of Selective Laser-Melted Stainless Steel
Author: Hitzler, Leonhard ; Hirsch, Johann ; Heine, Burkhard ; Merkel, Markus ; Hall, Wayne ; Öchsner, Andreas
Subjects: Additive manufacturing ; Aluminum base alloys ; Anisotropy ; directional dependencies ; Elongation ; epitaxial grain growth ; Freeform fabrication ; grain morphology ; hardness ; Laser beam melting ; Lasers ; Mechanical properties ; microstructure ; Modulus of elasticity ; Molds ; Rapid prototyping ; scan strategy ; Stainless steel ; Stainless steels ; Tensile properties ; tensile strength ; Tooling ; Ultimate tensile strength
Is Part Of: Materials, 2017-09, Vol.10 (10), p.1136
Description: The thorough description of the peculiarities of additively manufactured (AM) structures represents a current challenge for aspiring freeform fabrication methods, such as selective laser melting (SLM). These methods have an immense advantage in the fast fabrication (no special tooling or moulds required) of components, geometrical flexibility in their design, and efficiency when only small quantities are required. However, designs demand precise knowledge of the material properties, which in the case of additively manufactured structures are anisotropic and, under certain circumstances, inhomogeneous in nature. Furthermore, these characteristics are highly dependent on the fabrication settings. In this study, the anisotropic tensile properties of selective laser-melted stainless steel (1.4404, 316L) are investigated: the Young's modulus ranged from 148 to 227 GPa, the ultimate tensile strength from 512 to 699 MPa, and the breaking elongation ranged, respectively, from 12% to 43%. The results were compared to related studies in order to classify the influence of the fabrication settings. Furthermore, the influence of the chosen raw material was addressed by comparing deviations on the directional dependencies reasoned from differing microstructural developments during manufacture. Stainless steel was found to possess its maximum strength at a 45° layer versus loading offset, which is precisely where AlSi10Mg was previously reported to be at its weakest.
Publisher: Switzerland: MDPI AG
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 1996-1944
EISSN: 1996-1944
DOI: 10.3390/ma10101136
PMID: 28954426
Source: Geneva Foundation Free Medical Journals at publisher websites
PubMed Central
ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources
ProQuest Central
DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals

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On the Anisotropic Mechanical Properties of Selective Laser-Melted Stainless Steel

Copyright MDPI AG 2017 ;2017 by the authors. 2017 ;ISSN: 1996-1944 ;EISSN: 1996-1944 ;DOI: 10.3390/ma10101136 ;PMID: 28954426

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