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Factors associated with female students' past year experience of sexual violence in South African public higher education settings: A cross-sectional study

PloS one, 2021-12, Vol.16 (12), p.e0260886-e0260886 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

COPYRIGHT 2021 Public Library of Science ;2021 Machisa et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;2021 Machisa et al 2021 Machisa et al ;ISSN: 1932-6203 ;EISSN: 1932-6203 ;DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260886 ;PMID: 34855900

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Title:
Factors associated with female students' past year experience of sexual violence in South African public higher education settings: A cross-sectional study
Author: Machisa, Mercilene T ; Chirwa, Esnat D ; Mahlangu, Pinky ; Sikweyiya, Yandisa ; Nunze, Ncediswa ; Dartnall, Elizabeth ; Pillay, Managa ; Jewkes, Rachel
López-Goñi, José J.
Subjects: Abuse ; Adult ; Aggression ; Alcohol ; Alcohol abuse ; Analysis ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Bivariate analysis ; Causes of ; Central business districts ; Child sexual abuse ; Childhood ; Children ; College campuses ; College students ; Colleges & universities ; Councils ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Data collection ; Demographic aspects ; Domestic violence ; Education ; Education parks ; Education, Higher ; Emotional abuse ; Emotions ; Enrollments ; Family violence ; Female ; Females ; Food ; Food security ; Gender ; Gender relations ; Health behavior ; Health risks ; Health sciences ; Higher education ; Higher education institutions ; Humans ; Medical research ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Mental Disorders - epidemiology ; Mental Disorders - psychology ; Mental Health ; Multivariate statistical analysis ; Occupational training ; Physical Sciences ; Psychic trauma ; Psychological aspects ; Public health ; Questionnaires ; Rape ; Researchers ; Risk Factors ; School facilities ; Sex crimes ; Sex Offenses - statistics & numerical data ; Sexual assault ; Sexual Behavior ; Social Sciences ; South Africa - epidemiology ; Students ; Students - psychology ; Trauma ; University students ; Violence ; Vocational education ; Vulnerability ; Young Adult
Is Part Of: PloS one, 2021-12, Vol.16 (12), p.e0260886-e0260886
Description: Intimate partner sexual violence and non-partner rape experiences are widely reported by female students in South African higher education institutions, as they are globally. However, limited research has focused on investigating vulnerability factors, which is vital for informing interventions. To describe the factors and inter-relationships associated with female students' increased vulnerability to past year experience of partner sexual violence and non-partner rape in South African higher education settings. We interviewed 1293 female students, i.e., 519 students in six Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) college campuses and 774 students at three university campuses. Participants were volunteers aged 18-30. The measured vulnerability factors included childhood sexual abuse, other trauma, mental ill-health, risky sexual behaviours, food insecurity, partner violence, and controlling behaviours. We used bivariate analysis, logistic regression, and structural equation modelling methods. Twenty percent of participants experienced past-year sexual violence (17% partner sexual violence and 7.5% non-partner rape). Childhood sexual abuse had direct effects on experiencing past year sexual violence and physical, emotional partner violence or controlling behaviours. Risky sexual behaviours mediated the relationships of childhood sexual abuse or harmful alcohol use and past-year sexual violence experience. Mental ill-health mediated the relationships between childhood sexual abuse, other traumatic exposures, food insecurity, physical, emotional partner violence or controlling behaviours, and past-year partner sexual violence or non-partner rape experience. Risky sexual behaviours, gender inequitable relationship dynamics, mental ill-health, and food insecurity are related and amenable vulnerability factors associated with female students' sexual violence experiences. Therefore, addressing these through comprehensive campus interventions, which are implemented when students first enrol in higher education and are most vulnerable to sexual violence, is critical. Society-wide sexual violence prevention is also imperative.
Publisher: United States: Public Library of Science
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 1932-6203
EISSN: 1932-6203
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260886
PMID: 34855900
Source: Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access
Geneva Foundation Free Medical Journals at publisher websites
MEDLINE
PubMed Central
ProQuest Central
DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals

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Factors associated with female students' past year experience of sexual violence in South African public higher education settings: A cross-sectional study

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