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Steatotic liver disease among lean and non-lean individuals in Southern Lao PDR: a cross-sectional study of risk factors

Annals of medicine (Helsinki), 2024-12, Vol.56 (1), p.2329133-2329133 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2024 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group 2024 The Author(s) ;ISSN: 0785-3890 ;EISSN: 1365-2060 ;DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2329133 ;PMID: 38502916

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  • Title:
    Steatotic liver disease among lean and non-lean individuals in Southern Lao PDR: a cross-sectional study of risk factors
  • Author: Homsana, Anousin ; Southisavath, Phonesavanh ; Kling, Kerstin ; Hattendorf, Jan ; Vorasane, Savina ; Paris, Daniel Henry ; Sayasone, Somphou ; Odermatt, Peter ; Probst-Hensch, Nicole
  • Subjects: Adult ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - epidemiology ; Female ; hepatic steatosis ; Hepatology ; Humans ; Lao PDR ; Laos - epidemiology ; Male ; metabolic diseases ; metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease ; Opisthorchiasis - complications ; Opisthorchiasis - epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Southeast Asian People ; steatotic liver disease ; type 2 diabetes mellitus
  • Is Part Of: Annals of medicine (Helsinki), 2024-12, Vol.56 (1), p.2329133-2329133
  • Description: Steatotic liver disease (SLD) prevalence is rising worldwide, linked to insulin resistance and obesity. SLD prevalence can surpass 10% even among those with normal weight. In Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR), where (OV) trematode infection and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are common, infection related liver morbidity such as cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is high, but data on SLD prevalence is lacking. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence and explore determinants of SLD in rural southern Lao PDR for lean and non-lean populations. A cross-sectional community-based study assessed SLD prevalence using abdominal ultrasonography (US). Factors investigated for association with SLD were identified by interview, serological tests (Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg); lipids and HbA1c), anthropometrical measurements, and parasitological assessments (OV infection). Uni- and multivariable logistic regression analyses with SLD as endpoint were conducted separately for lean (body mass index (BMI) <23.0 kg/m ) and non-lean (BMI ≥ 23.0 kg/m ) participants. 2,826 participants were included. SLD prevalence was 27.1% (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 24.0%-30.4%), higher among non-lean (39.8%) than lean individuals (17.4%). Lean individuals with OV infection had a statistically significant association with lower odds of SLD (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.49, 95% CI 0.33 - 0.73). T2DM showed a significant positive association with SLD in both lean (aOR 3.58, 95% CI 2.28 - 5.63) and non-lean individuals (aOR 3.31, 95% CI 2.31 - 4.74) while dyslipidemia was significantly associated only in the non-lean group (aOR 1.83, 95% CI 1.09 - 3.07). Females participants exhibited elevated odds of SLD in both lean (aOR 1.43, 95% CI 1.02 - 2.01) and non-lean SLD (aOR 1.50, 95% CI 1.12 - 2.01). SLD prevalence is notably high among Laotian adults in rural areas, particularly in females and in non-lean individuals. Lean individuals with OV infection exhibited lower SLD prevalence. SLD was more prevalent in individuals with T2DM, independent of BMI. SLD adds to the burden of infection-related liver morbidity in Lao PDR.
  • Publisher: England: Taylor & Francis
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 0785-3890
    EISSN: 1365-2060
    DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2329133
    PMID: 38502916
  • Source: MEDLINE
    PubMed Central
    DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
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