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Distinct acute effects of LSD, MDMA, and D-amphetamine in healthy subjects

Neuropsychopharmacology (New York, N.Y.), 2020-02, Vol.45 (3), p.462-471 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;The Author(s) 2019. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;The Author(s) 2019 ;ISSN: 0893-133X ;EISSN: 1740-634X ;DOI: 10.1038/s41386-019-0569-3 ;PMID: 31733631

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Title:
Distinct acute effects of LSD, MDMA, and D-amphetamine in healthy subjects
Author: Holze, Friederike ; Vizeli, Patrick ; Müller, Felix ; Ley, Laura ; Duerig, Raoul ; Varghese, Nimmy ; Eckert, Anne ; Borgwardt, Stefan ; Liechti, Matthias E
Subjects: Acute effects ; Adult ; Affect - drug effects ; Affect - physiology ; Amphetamine ; Amphetamines ; Animal behavior ; Anxiety ; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ; Autonomic nervous system ; Blood pressure ; Body size ; Body temperature ; Brain-derived neurotrophic factor ; Central Nervous System Stimulants - administration & dosage ; Consciousness - drug effects ; Consciousness - physiology ; Cross-Over Studies ; Dextroamphetamine - administration & dosage ; Dissolution ; Double-Blind Method ; Drug dosages ; Ecstasy ; Female ; Hallucinogens - administration & dosage ; Healthy Volunteers ; Heart rate ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Hyperactivity ; Introversion ; LSD ; Lysergic acid diethylamide ; Lysergic Acid Diethylamide - administration & dosage ; Lysergide ; Male ; MDMA ; Middle Aged ; N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine - administration & dosage ; Oxytocin ; Placebos ; Psychotherapy ; Pupil size ; Ratings ; Retrospective Studies ; Time Factors
Is Part Of: Neuropsychopharmacology (New York, N.Y.), 2020-02, Vol.45 (3), p.462-471
Description: Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is a classic psychedelic, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is an empathogen, and D-amphetamine is a classic stimulant. All three substances are used recreationally. LSD and MDMA are being investigated as medications to assist psychotherapy, and D-amphetamine is used for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. All three substances induce distinct acute subjective effects. However, differences in acute responses to these prototypical psychoactive substances have not been characterized in a controlled study. We investigated the acute autonomic, subjective, and endocrine effects of single doses of LSD (0.1 mg), MDMA (125 mg), D-amphetamine (40 mg), and placebo in a randomized, double-blind, cross-over study in 28 healthy subjects. All of the substances produced comparable increases in hemodynamic effects, body temperature, and pupil size, indicating equivalent autonomic responses at the doses used. LSD and MDMA increased heart rate more than D-amphetamine, and D-amphetamine increased blood pressure more than LSD and MDMA. LSD induced significantly higher ratings on the 5 Dimensions of Altered States of Consciousness scale and Mystical Experience Questionnaire than MDMA and D-amphetamine. LSD also produced greater subjective drug effects, ego dissolution, introversion, emotional excitation, anxiety, and inactivity than MDMA and D-amphetamine. LSD also induced greater impairments in subjective ratings of concentration, sense of time, and speed of thinking compared with MDMA and D-amphetamine. MDMA produced greater ratings of good drug effects, liking, high, and ego dissolution compared with D-amphetamine. D-Amphetamine increased ratings of activity and concentration compared with LSD. MDMA but not LSD or D-amphetamine increased plasma concentrations of oxytocin. None of the substances altered plasma concentrations of brain-derived neurotrophic factor. These results indicate clearly distinct acute effects of LSD, MDMA, and D-amphetamine and may assist the dose-finding in substance-assisted psychotherapy research.
Publisher: England: Nature Publishing Group
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 0893-133X
EISSN: 1740-634X
DOI: 10.1038/s41386-019-0569-3
PMID: 31733631
Source: ProQuest One Psychology
GFMER Free Medical Journals
MEDLINE
PubMed Central
ProQuest Central

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Distinct acute effects of LSD, MDMA, and D-amphetamine in healthy subjects

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