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Numerical Simulations of Flare-productive Active Regions: δ-sunspots, Sheared Polarity Inversion Lines, Energy Storage, and Predictions

The Astrophysical journal, 2017-11, Vol.850 (1), p.39 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2017. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. ;Copyright IOP Publishing Nov 20, 2017 ;ISSN: 0004-637X ;EISSN: 1538-4357 ;DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aa95c2

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Title:
Numerical Simulations of Flare-productive Active Regions: δ-sunspots, Sheared Polarity Inversion Lines, Energy Storage, and Predictions
Author: Toriumi, Shin ; Takasao, Shinsuke
Subjects: Advection ; Computer simulation ; Corona ; Coronal mass ejection ; Current sheets ; Energy storage ; Flares ; Free energy ; Inversion ; Magnetic fields ; Magnetic properties ; Mathematical models ; Numerical simulations ; Parameters ; Photosphere ; Polarity ; Quadrupoles ; Solar activity ; Solar activity regions ; Solar energy ; Sun: corona ; Sun: flares ; Sun: interior ; Sun: photosphere ; Sunspots
Is Part Of: The Astrophysical journal, 2017-11, Vol.850 (1), p.39
Description: Solar active regions (ARs) that produce strong flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are known to have a relatively high non-potentiality and are characterized by δ-sunspots and sheared magnetic structures. In this study, we conduct a series of flux emergence simulations from the convection zone to the corona and model four types of active regions that have been observationally suggested to cause strong flares, namely the spot-spot, spot-satellite, quadrupole, and inter-AR cases. As a result, we confirm that δ-spot formation is due to the complex geometry and interaction of emerging magnetic fields, and we find that the strong-field, high-gradient, highly sheared polarity inversion line (PIL) is created by the combined effect of the advection, stretching, and compression of magnetic fields. We show that free magnetic energy builds up in the form of a current sheet above the PIL. It is also revealed that photospheric magnetic parameters that predict flare eruptions reflect the stored free energy with high accuracy, while CME-predicting parameters indicate the magnetic relationship between flaring zones and entire ARs.
Publisher: Philadelphia: The American Astronomical Society
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 0004-637X
EISSN: 1538-4357
DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aa95c2
Source: Alma/SFX Local Collection

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Numerical Simulations of Flare-productive Active Regions: δ-sunspots, Sheared Polarity Inversion Lines, Energy Storage, and Predictions

2017. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. ;Copyright IOP Publishing Nov 20, 2017 ;ISSN: 0004-637X ;EISSN: 1538-4357 ;DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aa95c2

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