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Infectious speciation revisited: impact of symbiont-depletion on female fitness and mating behavior of Drosophila paulistorum

PLoS pathogens, 2010-12, Vol.6 (12), p.e1001214-e1001214 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

COPYRIGHT 2010 Public Library of Science ;COPYRIGHT 2010 Public Library of Science ;Miller et al. 2010 ;2010 Miller et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited: Miller WJ, Ehrman L, Schneider D (2010) Infectious Speciation Revisited: Impact of Symbiont-Depletion on Female Fitness and Mating Behavior of Drosophila paulistorum. PLoS Pathog 6(12): e1001214. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1001214 ;ISSN: 1553-7374 ;ISSN: 1553-7366 ;EISSN: 1553-7374 ;DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1001214 ;PMID: 21151959

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  • Title:
    Infectious speciation revisited: impact of symbiont-depletion on female fitness and mating behavior of Drosophila paulistorum
  • Author: Miller, Wolfgang J ; Ehrman, Lee ; Schneider, Daniela
  • Parrish, Colin
  • Subjects: Animal reproduction ; Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Drosophila ; Drosophila - microbiology ; Evolution ; Evolutionary Biology/Animal Behavior ; Evolutionary Biology/Animal Genetics ; Evolutionary Biology/Evolutionary Ecology ; Evolutionary Biology/Microbial Evolution and Genomics ; Female ; Fertility ; Genetic aspects ; Genetics ; Host-bacteria relationships ; Insects ; Isolating mechanisms ; Microbiology/Microbial Evolution and Genomics ; Origin of species ; Parasites ; Sexual Behavior, Animal ; Symbiosis ; Wolbachia
  • Is Part Of: PLoS pathogens, 2010-12, Vol.6 (12), p.e1001214-e1001214
  • Description: The neotropical Drosophila paulistorum superspecies, consisting of at least six geographically overlapping but reproductively isolated semispecies, has been the object of extensive research since at least 1955, when it was initially trapped mid-evolution in flagrant statu nascendi. In this classic system females express strong premating isolation patterns against mates belonging to any other semispecies, and yet uncharacterized microbial reproductive tract symbionts were described triggering hybrid inviability and male sterility. Based on theoretical models and limited experimental data, prime candidates fostering symbiont-driven speciation in arthropods are intracellular bacteria belonging to the genus Wolbachia. They are maternally inherited symbionts of many arthropods capable of manipulating host reproductive biology for their own benefits. However, it is an ongoing debate as to whether or not reproductive symbionts are capable of driving host speciation in nature and if so, to what extent. Here we have reevaluated this classic case of infectious speciation by means of present day molecular approaches and artificial symbiont depletion experiments. We have isolated the α-proteobacteria Wolbachia as the maternally transmitted core endosymbionts of all D. paulistorum semispecies that have coevolved towards obligate mutualism with their respective native hosts. In hybrids, however, these mutualists transform into pathogens by overreplication causing embryonic inviability and male sterility. We show that experimental reduction in native Wolbachia titer causes alterations in sex ratio, fecundity, and mate discrimination. Our results indicate that formerly designated Mycoplasma-like organisms are most likely Wolbachia that have evolved by becoming essential mutualistic symbionts in their respective natural hosts; they have the potential to trigger pre- and postmating isolation. Furthermore, in light of our new findings, we revisit the concept of infectious speciation and discuss potential mechanisms that can restrict or promote symbiont-induced speciation at post- and prezygotic levels in nature and under artificial laboratory conditions.
  • Publisher: United States: Public Library of Science
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 1553-7374
    ISSN: 1553-7366
    EISSN: 1553-7374
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1001214
    PMID: 21151959
  • Source: PubMed Central (Open access)
    Geneva Foundation Free Medical Journals at publisher websites
    MEDLINE
    Public Library of Science
    ProQuest Central
    DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
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