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Hermann Karsten, pioneer of geologic mapping in northwestern South America

History of geo- and space sciences, 2015-01, Vol.6 (1), p.57-63

Copyright Copernicus GmbH 2015 ;2015. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;ISSN: 2190-5029 ;ISSN: 2190-5010 ;EISSN: 2190-5029 ;DOI: 10.5194/hgss-6-57-2015

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  • Title:
    Hermann Karsten, pioneer of geologic mapping in northwestern South America
  • Author: Aalto, K R
  • Subjects: 19th century ; Colombia ; Cretaceous ; Crystalline rocks ; Earth ; Gases ; Geologic mapping ; Geological mapping ; Humboldt, Alexander von (1769-1859) ; Land surveys ; Mapping ; Mineral resources ; Mountains ; Quaternary ; Regional ; Sedimentary rocks ; Stratigraphy ; Terrestrial environments ; Volcanic activity ; Volcanoes
  • Is Part Of: History of geo- and space sciences, 2015-01, Vol.6 (1), p.57-63
  • Description: In the late 19th century, a regional map of Nueva Granada(present-day Colombia, Panama and parts of Venezuela and Ecuador) was published by German botanist and geologist Hermann Karsten (1817-1908). Karsten's work was incorporated by Agustin Codazzi (1793-1859), an Italian who emigrated to Venezuela and Colombia to serve as a government cartographer and geographer, in his popular Atlas geografico e historico de la Republica de Colombia(1889). Geologic mapping and most observations provided in this 1889 atlas were taken from Karsten's Geologie de l'ancienne Colombie bolivarienne: Venezuela, Nouvelle-Grenade et Ecuador(1886), as cited by Manual Paz and/or Felipe Perez, who edited this edition of the atlas. Karsten defined four epochs in Earth history: Primera- without life - primary crystalline rocks, Segunda- with only marine life - chiefly sedimentary rocks, Tercera- with terrestrial quadrupeds and fresh water life forms life - chiefly sedimentary rocks, and Cuarta- mankind appears, includes diluvial (glacigenic) and post-diluvial terranes. He noted that Colombia is composed of chiefly of Quaternary, Tertiary and Cretaceous plutonic, volcanic and sedimentary rocks, and that Earth's internal heat (calor central) accounted, by escape of inner gases, for volcanism, seismicity and uplift of mountains. Karsten's regional mapping and interpretation thus constitutes the primary source and ultimate pioneering geologic research.
  • Publisher: Gottingen: Copernicus GmbH
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 2190-5029
    ISSN: 2190-5010
    EISSN: 2190-5029
    DOI: 10.5194/hgss-6-57-2015
  • Source: ProQuest Central
    DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
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