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Agility Testing in Youth Football (Soccer)Players; Evaluating Reliability, Validity, and Correlates of Newly Developed Testing Protocols

International journal of environmental research and public health, 2020-01, Vol.17 (1), p.294 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;2020 by the authors. 2020 ;ISSN: 1660-4601 ;ISSN: 1661-7827 ;EISSN: 1660-4601 ;DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17010294 ;PMID: 31906269

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  • Title:
    Agility Testing in Youth Football (Soccer)Players; Evaluating Reliability, Validity, and Correlates of Newly Developed Testing Protocols
  • Author: Krolo, Ante ; Gilic, Barbara ; Foretic, Nikola ; Pojskic, Haris ; Hammami, Raouf ; Spasic, Miodrag ; Uljevic, Ognjen ; Versic, Sime ; Sekulic, Damir
  • Subjects: Age ; Age groups ; Dependent variables ; Idrottsvetenskap ; Independent variables ; Investigations ; Motor ability ; Players ; Reliability analysis ; Sport Science ; Starters ; Team sports ; Test procedures ; Testing procedures ; Validation studies ; Validity ; Variance
  • Is Part Of: International journal of environmental research and public health, 2020-01, Vol.17 (1), p.294
  • Description: Reactive agility (RAG) and change of direction speed (CODS) are important determinants of success in football (soccer), but there is an evident lack of information on reliable and valid football-specific testing procedures which will be applicable in defining sport-specific RAG and CODS in youth players. This study evaluated reliability and construct validity of newly developed tests of football-specific RAG (FS_RAG) and CODS (FS_CODS), which involved the ball kicking football technique. Additionally, factors associated with FS_RAG and FS_CODS were evaluated. The participants were youth football players (n = 59; age: 13.40 ± 1.25 years) divided according to their age into U13 (11-12 years of age; n = 29), and U15 (13-14 years of age; n = 30) categories. Additionally, performance levels (starters [first-team] vs. non-starters [substitutes]) were observed in each age category. The dependent variables were newly developed FS_RAG and FS_CODS tests. The independent variables were sprinting capacities over 10 and 20 meters (S10M, S20M), countermovement jump (CMJ), the reactive strength index (RSI), and a generic CODS test of 20 yards (20Y). The newly developed FS_CODS and FS_RAG were observed as dependent variables. Results showed appropriate intra-testing and inter-testing reliability of the FS_RAG and FS_CODS, with somewhat better reliability of the FS_CODS (ICC=0.82 and 0.79, respectively). Additionally, better reliability was evidenced in U15 than in U13 (ICC: 0.82-0.85, and 0.78-0.80 for U15 and U13, respectively). Independent samples t-test indicated significant differences between U13 and U15 in S10 ( -test: 3.57, < 0.001), S20M ( -test: 3.13, < 0.001), 20Y ( -test: 4.89, < 0.001), FS_RAG ( -test: 3.96, < 0.001), and FS_CODS ( -test: 6.42, < 0.001), with better performance in U15. Starters outperformed non-starters in most capacities among U13, but only in FS_RAG among U15 ( -test: 1.56, < 0.05). Multiple regression calculations indicated nonsignificant association between independent and dependent variables in U13 (FS_CODS: 19%, FS_RAG: 21% of the explained variance, both > 0.05), but independent variables explained significant proportion of both dependent variables in U15 (FS_CODS: 35%, FS_RAG: 33% explained variance, both < 0.05). The study confirmed the applicability of newly developed tests in distinguishing studied age categories of players. Results indicate that superiority in all studied fitness capacities is translated into performance level in U13. Meanwhile, FS_RAG seems to be important determinant of quality in U15.
  • Publisher: Switzerland: MDPI AG
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 1660-4601
    ISSN: 1661-7827
    EISSN: 1660-4601
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17010294
    PMID: 31906269
  • Source: GFMER Free Medical Journals
    PubMed Central
    SWEPUB Freely available online
    ProQuest Central
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