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Polysaccharide degradation by the Bacteroidetes: mechanisms and nomenclature

Environmental microbiology reports, 2021-10, Vol.13 (5), p.559-581 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2021 The Authors. published by Society for Applied Microbiology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. ;2021 The Authors. Environmental Microbiology Reports published by Society for Applied Microbiology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. ;ISSN: 1758-2229 ;EISSN: 1758-2229 ;DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.12980 ;PMID: 34036727

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  • Title:
    Polysaccharide degradation by the Bacteroidetes: mechanisms and nomenclature
  • Author: McKee, Lauren S. ; La Rosa, Sabina Leanti ; Westereng, Bjørge ; Eijsink, Vincent G. ; Pope, Phillip B. ; Larsbrink, Johan
  • Is Part Of: Environmental microbiology reports, 2021-10, Vol.13 (5), p.559-581
  • Description: Summary The Bacteroidetes phylum is renowned for its ability to degrade a wide range of complex carbohydrates, a trait that has enabled its dominance in many diverse environments. The best studied species inhabit the human gut microbiome and use polysaccharide utilization loci (PULs), discrete genetic structures that encode proteins involved in the sensing, binding, deconstruction, and import of target glycans. In many environmental species, polysaccharide degradation is tightly coupled to the phylum‐exclusive type IX secretion system (T9SS), which is used for the secretion of certain enzymes and is linked to gliding motility. In addition, within specific species these two adaptive systems (PULs and T9SS) are intertwined, with PUL‐encoded enzymes being secreted by the T9SS. Here, we discuss the most noteworthy PUL and non‐PUL mechanisms that confer specific and rapid polysaccharide degradation capabilities to the Bacteroidetes in a range of environments. We also acknowledge that the literature showcasing examples of PULs is rapidly expanding and developing a set of assumptions that can be hard to track back to original findings. Therefore, we present a simple universal description of conserved PUL functions and how they are determined, while proposing a common nomenclature describing PULs and their components, to simplify discussion and understanding of PUL systems.
  • Publisher: Hoboken, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 1758-2229
    EISSN: 1758-2229
    DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.12980
    PMID: 34036727
  • Source: Journals@Ovid Open Access Journal Collection Rolling
    SWEPUB Freely available online
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