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Family Transmission of COVID-19 Including a Child with MIS-C and Acute Pancreatitis

International medical case reports journal, 2021-01, Vol.14, p.55-65 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2021 Abbas and Törnhage. ;COPYRIGHT 2021 Dove Medical Press Limited ;2021. This work is licensed under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;2021 Abbas and Törnhage. 2021 Abbas and Törnhage. ;ISSN: 1179-142X ;EISSN: 1179-142X ;DOI: 10.2147/IMCRJ.S284480 ;PMID: 33574714

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  • Title:
    Family Transmission of COVID-19 Including a Child with MIS-C and Acute Pancreatitis
  • Author: Abbas, Maher ; Törnhage, Carl-Johan
  • Subjects: Case Report ; children ; Clinical Medicine ; coronavirus ; Coronaviruses ; COVID-19 ; Disease transmission ; Emergency medical care ; Family ; General & Internal Medicine ; Immunotherapy ; infection ; inflammatory multisystem syndrome ; inflammatory syndrome in children ; Kawasaki disease ; Klinisk medicin ; MIS-C ; multisystem ; Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children ; multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (mis-c) ; paediatric ; paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (pims) ; Pancreatitis ; PIMS ; Rash (Dermatology)
  • Is Part Of: International medical case reports journal, 2021-01, Vol.14, p.55-65
  • Description: Spread of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, since at least December 2019, has caused a pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 causes the disease COVID-19, which can affect several human organs. Abdominal pain is one of the known symptoms, but little is known about acute pancreatitis as a complication. As well, knowledge about viral transmission in families is limited. This case report describes MIS-C and acalculous acute pancreatitis in a child who was a member of a family in which four of five members had COVID-19. A previously healthy family was infected by SARS-CoV-2 from an unknown source. The 13-year-old daughter was infected by SARS-CoV-2 and symptomatic during two periods, with an asymptomatic interval in-between. During the first period, she had transient and mild upper respiratory symptoms which was followed four weeks later by a secondary severe illness. At that point, there was inflammation in multiple organs and signs of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) and a Kawasaki-like disease with skin rash, scalded skin in hands and conjunctivitis. Myocarditis, bronchopneumonia, pancreatitis, and hepatopathy without encephalopathy were noted. She required assisted ventilation for 5 days. There were laboratory signs of disseminated intravascular coagulopathy. The multisystem inflammation was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) once a day for four days and immunotherapy (high dose methylprednisolone (IV) once a day, for 12 days, then tapered over 4 weeks, anakinra (IV) four times daily for 12 days), low molecular weight heparin for 22 days and salicylates for 6 weeks leading to full restoration of health. The two brothers and mother in the family had mild to moderate COVID-19 infections. The father was not affected despite close contact with his children. The household transmission and clinical course and outcome are described. No further known COVID-19 infection occurred in the neighborhood during or immediately after the family cluster was discovered. Penetrance and severity of COVID-19 can vary in family clusters. One adolescent showed a two-phase course with severe infection. This case report highlights MIS-C and acute pancreatitis as a complication associated with COVID-19 in children.
  • Publisher: New Zealand: Dove Medical Press Limited
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 1179-142X
    EISSN: 1179-142X
    DOI: 10.2147/IMCRJ.S284480
    PMID: 33574714
  • Source: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
    AUTh Library subscriptions: ProQuest Central
    GFMER Free Medical Journals
    PubMed Central
    Coronavirus Research Database
    ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources
    Dove Press Free
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