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Income inequality, trust and homicide in 33 countries

European journal of public health, 2011-04, Vol.21 (2), p.241-246 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

Copyright Oxford Publishing Limited(England) Apr 2011 ;ISSN: 1101-1262 ;EISSN: 1464-360X ;DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckq068 ;PMID: 20525751 ;CODEN: EJPHF6

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Title:
Income inequality, trust and homicide in 33 countries
Author: Elgar, Frank J ; Aitken, Nicole
Subjects: Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Correlation analysis ; Cultural Capital ; Developed Countries - economics ; Developed Countries - statistics & numerical data ; Developing Countries - economics ; Developing Countries - statistics & numerical data ; Education ; Equality ; Expenditures ; Female ; Government Spending ; Health Care Costs ; Health Education ; Homicide ; Homicide - statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Income - statistics & numerical data ; Income distribution ; Income Inequality ; Low Income Groups ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Murders & murder attempts ; Public Services ; Social capital ; Social psychology ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Trust ; Violence ; Violence - statistics & numerical data ; Young Adult
Is Part Of: European journal of public health, 2011-04, Vol.21 (2), p.241-246
Description: Theories of why income inequality correlates with violence suggest that inequality erodes social capital and trust, or inhibits investment into public services and infrastructure. Past research sensed the importance of these causal paths but few have examined them using tests of statistical mediation. We explored links between income inequality and rates of homicide in 33 countries and then tested whether this association is mediated by an indicator of social capital (interpersonal trust) or by public spending on health and education. Survey data on trust were collected from 48 641 adults and matched to country data on per capita income, income inequality, public expenditures on health and education and rate of homicides. Between countries, income inequality correlated with trust (r = -0.64) and homicide (r = 0.80) but not with public expenditures. Trust also correlated with homicides (r = -0.58) and partly mediated the association between income inequality and homicide, whilst public expenditures did not. Multilevel analysis showed that income inequality related to less trust after differences in per capita income and sample characteristics were taken into account. Results were consistent with psychosocial explanations of links between income inequality and homicide; however, the causal relationship between inequality, trust and homicide remains unclear given the cross-sectional design of this study. Societies with large income differences and low levels of trust may lack the social capacity to create safe communities.
Publisher: England: Oxford Publishing Limited (England)
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 1101-1262
EISSN: 1464-360X
DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckq068
PMID: 20525751
CODEN: EJPHF6
Source: Journals@Ovid Open Access Journal Collection Rolling
GFMER Free Medical Journals
MEDLINE
Alma/SFX Local Collection

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Income inequality, trust and homicide in 33 countries

Copyright Oxford Publishing Limited(England) Apr 2011 ;ISSN: 1101-1262 ;EISSN: 1464-360X ;DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckq068 ;PMID: 20525751 ;CODEN: EJPHF6

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