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Autism-related dietary preferences mediate autism-gut microbiome associations

Cell, 2021-11, Vol.184 (24), p.5916-5931.e17 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2021 Elsevier Inc. ;Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. ;ISSN: 0092-8674 ;EISSN: 1097-4172 ;DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.10.015 ;PMID: 34767757

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Title:
Autism-related dietary preferences mediate autism-gut microbiome associations
Author: Yap, Chloe X. ; Henders, Anjali K. ; Alvares, Gail A. ; Wood, David L.A. ; Krause, Lutz ; Tyson, Gene W. ; Restuadi, Restuadi ; Wallace, Leanne ; McLaren, Tiana ; Hansell, Narelle K. ; Cleary, Dominique ; Grove, Rachel ; Hafekost, Claire ; Harun, Alexis ; Holdsworth, Helen ; Jellett, Rachel ; Khan, Feroza ; Lawson, Lauren P. ; Leslie, Jodie ; Frenk, Mira Levis ; Masi, Anne ; Mathew, Nisha E. ; Muniandy, Melanie ; Nothard, Michaela ; Miller, Jessica L. ; Nunn, Lorelle ; Holtmann, Gerald ; Strike, Lachlan T. ; de Zubicaray, Greig I. ; Thompson, Paul M. ; McMahon, Katie L. ; Wright, Margaret J. ; Visscher, Peter M. ; Dawson, Paul A. ; Dissanayake, Cheryl ; Eapen, Valsamma ; Heussler, Helen S. ; McRae, Allan F. ; Whitehouse, Andrew J.O. ; Wray, Naomi R. ; Gratten, Jacob
Subjects: Adolescent ; Age Factors ; autism ; autism spectrum disorder ; Autistic Disorder - diagnosis ; Autistic Disorder - microbiology ; Behavior ; brain-gut-microbiome axis ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; diet ; Feces - microbiology ; Feeding Behavior ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; gut microbiome ; Humans ; Male ; metagenomics ; Phenotype ; Phylogeny ; restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests ; Species Specificity ; stool consistency
Is Part Of: Cell, 2021-11, Vol.184 (24), p.5916-5931.e17
Description: There is increasing interest in the potential contribution of the gut microbiome to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, previous studies have been underpowered and have not been designed to address potential confounding factors in a comprehensive way. We performed a large autism stool metagenomics study (n = 247) based on participants from the Australian Autism Biobank and the Queensland Twin Adolescent Brain project. We found negligible direct associations between ASD diagnosis and the gut microbiome. Instead, our data support a model whereby ASD-related restricted interests are associated with less-diverse diet, and in turn reduced microbial taxonomic diversity and looser stool consistency. In contrast to ASD diagnosis, our dataset was well powered to detect microbiome associations with traits such as age, dietary intake, and stool consistency. Overall, microbiome differences in ASD may reflect dietary preferences that relate to diagnostic features, and we caution against claims that the microbiome has a driving role in ASD. [Display omitted] •Limited autism-microbiome associations from stool metagenomics of n = 247 children•Romboutsia timonensis was the only taxa associated with autism diagnosis•Autistic traits such as restricted interests are associated with less-diverse diet•Less-diverse diet, in turn, is associated with lower microbiome alpha-diversity Large autism stool metagenomics study finds limited direct autism associations, in contrast to strong relationships with dietary traits, stool consistency, and age, suggestive of a model whereby genetic and phenotypic measures of the autism spectrum promote a less-diverse diet that reduces microbiome diversity.
Publisher: United States: Elsevier Inc
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 0092-8674
EISSN: 1097-4172
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.10.015
PMID: 34767757
Source: Cell Press Free Archives
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Autism-related dietary preferences mediate autism-gut microbiome associations

2021 Elsevier Inc. ;Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. ;ISSN: 0092-8674 ;EISSN: 1097-4172 ;DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.10.015 ;PMID: 34767757

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