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Factors Contributing to Maternal and Child Mortality Reductions in 146 Low- and Middle-Income Countries between 1990 and 2010

PloS one, 2016-01, Vol.11 (1), p.e0144908 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2016 Bishai et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;2016 Bishai et al 2016 Bishai et al ;ISSN: 1932-6203 ;EISSN: 1932-6203 ;DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144908 ;PMID: 26783759

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Title:
Factors Contributing to Maternal and Child Mortality Reductions in 146 Low- and Middle-Income Countries between 1990 and 2010
Author: Bishai, David M ; Cohen, Robert ; Alfonso, Y Natalia ; Adam, Taghreed ; Kuruvilla, Shyama ; Schweitzer, Julian
Speybroeck, Niko
Subjects: Biology and Life Sciences ; Child ; Child Health - history ; Child Health - statistics & numerical data ; Child Health - trends ; Child mortality ; Child Mortality - history ; Child Mortality - trends ; Children ; Children & youth ; Childrens health ; Determinants ; Developing Countries ; Epidemiologic Factors ; Expenditures ; Female ; Global Health ; Health promotion ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Income ; Low income groups ; Male ; Maternal & child health ; Maternal Health - history ; Maternal Health - statistics & numerical data ; Maternal Health - trends ; Maternal mortality ; Maternal Mortality - history ; Maternal Mortality - trends ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Mortality ; People and Places ; Population ; Public health ; Regression analysis ; Regression models ; Reproductive health ; Sanitation ; Social Sciences ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Sustainable development ; Vaccines
Is Part Of: PloS one, 2016-01, Vol.11 (1), p.e0144908
Description: From 1990-2010, worldwide child mortality declined by 43%, and maternal mortality declined by 40%. This paper compares two sources of progress: improvements in societal coverage of health determinants versus improvements in the impact of health determinants as a result of technical change. This paper decomposes the progress made by 146 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in lowering childhood and maternal mortality into one component due to better health determinants like literacy, income, and health coverage and a second component due to changes in the impact of these health determinants. Health determinants were selected from eight distinct health-impacting sectors. Health determinants were selected from eight distinct health-impacting sectors. Regression models are used to estimate impact size in 1990 and again in 2010. Changes in the levels of health determinants were measured using secondary data. The model shows that respectively 100% and 89% of the reductions in maternal and child mortality since 1990 were due to improvements in nationwide coverage of health determinants. The relative share of overall improvement attributable to any single determinant varies by country and by model specification. However, in aggregate, approximately 50% of the mortality reductions were due to improvements in the health sector, and the other 50% of the mortality reductions were due to gains outside the health sector. Overall, countries improved maternal and child health (MCH) from 1990 to 2010 mainly through improvements in the societal coverage of a broad array of health system, social, economic and environmental determinants of child health. These findings vindicate efforts by the global community to obtain such improvements, and align with the post-2015 development agenda that builds on the lessons from the MDGs and highlights the importance of promoting health and sustainable development in a more integrated manner across sectors.
Publisher: United States: Public Library of Science
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 1932-6203
EISSN: 1932-6203
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144908
PMID: 26783759
Source: GFMER Free Medical Journals
MEDLINE
PubMed Central
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
ProQuest Central
DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals

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Factors Contributing to Maternal and Child Mortality Reductions in 146 Low- and Middle-Income Countries between 1990 and 2010

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