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Factors contributing to psychological distress in the working population, with a special reference to gender difference

BMC public health, 2021-03, Vol.21 (1), p.611-611, Article 611 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

COPYRIGHT 2021 BioMed Central Ltd. ;COPYRIGHT 2021 BioMed Central Ltd. ;2021. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;The Author(s) 2021 ;ISSN: 1471-2458 ;EISSN: 1471-2458 ;DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10560-y ;PMID: 33781240

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  • Title:
    Factors contributing to psychological distress in the working population, with a special reference to gender difference
  • Author: Viertiö, Satu ; Kiviruusu, Olli ; Piirtola, Maarit ; Kaprio, Jaakko ; Korhonen, Tellervo ; Marttunen, Mauri ; Suvisaari, Jaana
  • Subjects: Care and treatment ; Children ; Demographic aspects ; Families & family life ; Gender ; Gender aspects ; Gender differences ; Independent variables ; Labor supply ; Men ; Mental disorders ; Mental health ; Nationally representative study ; Parents & parenting ; Psychological aspects ; Psychological distress ; Psychological factors ; Psychological stress ; Regression analysis ; Risk factors ; Sex differences ; Sex differences (Psychology) ; Social interactions ; Social support ; Stress (Psychology) ; Women ; Work-family conflict
  • Is Part Of: BMC public health, 2021-03, Vol.21 (1), p.611-611, Article 611
  • Description: Psychological distress refers to non-specific symptoms of stress, anxiety and depression, and it is more common in women. Our aim was to investigate factors contributing to psychological distress in the working population, with a special reference to gender differences. We used questionnaire data from the nationally representative Finnish Regional Health and Well-being Study (ATH) collected in the years 2012-2016 (target population participants aged 20 +, n = 96,668, response rate 53%), restricting the current analysis to those persons who were working full-time and under 65 of age (n = 34,468). Psychological distress was assessed using the Mental Health Inventory-5 (MHI-5) (cut-off value <=52). We studied the following factors potentially associated with psychological distress: sociodemographic factors, living alone, having children under18 years of age, lifestyle-related factors, social support, helping others outside of the home and work-related factors. We used logistic regression analysis to examine association between having work-family conflict with the likelihood for psychological distress. We first performed the models separately for men and women. Then interaction by gender was tested in the combined data for those independent variables where gender differences appeared probable in the analyses conducted separately for men and women. Women reported more psychological distress than men (11.0% vs. 8.8%, respectively, p < 0.0001). Loneliness, job dissatisfaction and family-work conflict were associated with the largest risk of psychological distress. Having children, active participation, being able to successfully combine work and family roles, and social support were found to be protective factors. A significant interaction with gender was found in only two variables: ignoring family due to being absorbed in one's work was associated with distress in women (OR 1.30 (95% CI 1.00-1.70), and mental strain of work in men (OR 2.71 (95% CI 1.66-4.41). Satisfying work, family life and being able to successfully combine the two are important sources of psychological well-being for both genders in the working population.
  • Publisher: England: BioMed Central Ltd
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 1471-2458
    EISSN: 1471-2458
    DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10560-y
    PMID: 33781240
  • Source: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
    GFMER Free Medical Journals
    PubMed Central
    Coronavirus Research Database
    ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources
    ProQuest Central
    Springer Nature OA Free Journals
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