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Design and Implementation of a Real-Time Crowd Monitoring System Based on Public Wi-Fi Infrastructure: A Case Study on the Sri Chiang Mai Smart City

Smart cities (Basel), 2023-03, Vol.6 (2), p.987-1008 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;ISSN: 2624-6511 ;EISSN: 2624-6511 ;DOI: 10.3390/smartcities6020048

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  • Title:
    Design and Implementation of a Real-Time Crowd Monitoring System Based on Public Wi-Fi Infrastructure: A Case Study on the Sri Chiang Mai Smart City
  • Author: Wiangwiset, Thalerngsak ; Surawanitkun, Chayada ; Wongsinlatam, Wullapa ; Remsungnen, Tawun ; Siritaratiwat, Apirat ; Srichan, Chavis ; Thepparat, Prachya ; Bunsuk, Weerasak ; Kaewchan, Aekkaphan ; Namvong, Ariya
  • Subjects: Algorithms ; Communication ; Coronaviruses ; COVID-19 ; Crowd monitoring ; Data acquisition ; Data processing ; Data transfer (computers) ; Data transmission ; Density ; Domains ; Downloading ; Infrastructure ; Medical research ; Open spaces ; Public safety ; public Wi-Fi infrastructure ; Real time ; real-time crowd monitoring ; Sensors ; smart city ; urban behaviors ; Urban planning
  • Is Part Of: Smart cities (Basel), 2023-03, Vol.6 (2), p.987-1008
  • Description: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant changes in many aspects of daily life, including learning, working, and communicating. As countries aim to recover their economies, there is an increasing need for smart city solutions, such as crowd monitoring systems, to ensure public safety both during and after the pandemic. This paper presents the design and implementation of a real-time crowd monitoring system using existing public Wi-Fi infrastructure. The proposed system employs a three-tiered architecture, including the sensing domain for data acquisition, the communication domain for data transfer, and the computing domain for data processing, visualization, and analysis. Wi-Fi access points were used as sensors that continuously monitored the crowd and uploaded data to the server. To protect the privacy of the data, encryption algorithms were employed during data transmission. The system was implemented in the Sri Chiang Mai Smart City, where nine Wi-Fi access points were installed in nine different locations along the Mekong River. The system provides real-time crowd density visualizations. Historical data were also collected for the analysis and understanding of urban behaviors. A quantitative evaluation was not feasible due to the uncontrolled environment in public open spaces, but the system was visually evaluated in real-world conditions to assess crowd density, rather than represent the entire population. Overall, the study demonstrates the potential of leveraging existing public Wi-Fi infrastructure for crowd monitoring in uncontrolled, real-world environments. The monitoring system is readily accessible and does not require additional hardware investment or maintenance. The collected dataset is also available for download. In addition to COVID-19 pandemic management, this technology can also assist government policymakers in optimizing the use of public space and urban planning. Real-time crowd density data provided by the system can assist route planners or recommend points of interest, while information on the popularity of tourist destinations enables targeted marketing.
  • Publisher: Basel: MDPI AG
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 2624-6511
    EISSN: 2624-6511
    DOI: 10.3390/smartcities6020048
  • Source: Directory of Open Access Journals
    Coronavirus Research Database
    ProQuest Central
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