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Prevalence of statin intolerance: a meta-analysis

European heart journal, 2022-09, Vol.43 (34), p.3213-3223 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. ;The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. 2022 ;ISSN: 0195-668X ;ISSN: 1522-9645 ;EISSN: 1522-9645 ;DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac015 ;PMID: 35169843

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  • Title:
    Prevalence of statin intolerance: a meta-analysis
  • Author: Bytyçi, Ibadete ; Penson, Peter E ; Mikhailidis, Dimitri P ; Wong, Nathan D ; Hernandez, Adrian V ; Sahebkar, Amirhossein ; Thompson, Paul D ; Mazidi, Mohsen ; Rysz, Jacek ; Pella, Daniel ; Reiner, Željko ; Toth, Peter P ; Banach, Maciej
  • Subjects: Atherosclerosis - drug therapy ; Cardiovascular disease ; Female ; Humans ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors - adverse effects ; Lipids ; Male ; Meta-Analysis ; Prevalence ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Risk Factors ; Statin intolerance
  • Is Part Of: European heart journal, 2022-09, Vol.43 (34), p.3213-3223
  • Description: Statin intolerance (SI) represents a significant public health problem for which precise estimates of prevalence are needed. Statin intolerance remains an important clinical challenge, and it is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. This meta-analysis estimates the overall prevalence of SI, the prevalence according to different diagnostic criteria and in different disease settings, and identifies possible risk factors/conditions that might increase the risk of SI. We searched several databases up to 31 May 2021, for studies that reported the prevalence of SI. The primary endpoint was overall prevalence and prevalence according to a range of diagnostic criteria [National Lipid Association (NLA), International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP), and European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS)] and in different disease settings. The secondary endpoint was to identify possible risk factors for SI. A random-effects model was applied to estimate the overall pooled prevalence. A total of 176 studies [112 randomized controlled trials (RCTs); 64 cohort studies] with 4 143 517 patients were ultimately included in the analysis. The overall prevalence of SI was 9.1% (95% confidence interval 8.0-10%). The prevalence was similar when defined using NLA, ILEP, and EAS criteria [7.0% (6.0-8.0%), 6.7% (5.0-8.0%), 5.9% (4.0-7.0%), respectively]. The prevalence of SI in RCTs was significantly lower compared with cohort studies [4.9% (4.0-6.0%) vs. 17% (14-19%)]. The prevalence of SI in studies including both primary and secondary prevention patients was much higher than when primary or secondary prevention patients were analysed separately [18% (14-21%), 8.2% (6.0-10%), 9.1% (6.0-11%), respectively]. Statin lipid solubility did not affect the prevalence of SI [4.0% (2.0-5.0%) vs. 5.0% (4.0-6.0%)]. Age [odds ratio (OR) 1.33, P = 0.04], female gender (OR 1.47, P = 0.007), Asian and Black race (P < 0.05 for both), obesity (OR 1.30, P = 0.02), diabetes mellitus (OR 1.26, P = 0.02), hypothyroidism (OR 1.37, P = 0.01), chronic liver, and renal failure (P < 0.05 for both) were significantly associated with SI in the meta-regression model. Antiarrhythmic agents, calcium channel blockers, alcohol use, and increased statin dose were also associated with a higher risk of SI. Based on the present analysis of >4 million patients, the prevalence of SI is low when diagnosed according to international definitions. These results support the concept that the prevalence of complete SI might often be overestimated and highlight the need for the careful assessment of patients with potential symptoms related to SI.
  • Publisher: England: Oxford University Press
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 0195-668X
    ISSN: 1522-9645
    EISSN: 1522-9645
    DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac015
    PMID: 35169843
  • Source: GFMER Free Medical Journals
    MEDLINE
    Alma/SFX Local Collection
    SWEPUB Freely available online
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