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Isolation and characterization of nanocellulose from selected hardwoods, viz., Eucalyptus tereticornis Sm. and Casuarina equisetifolia L., by steam explosion method

Scientific reports, 2023-01, Vol.13 (1), p.1199-1199, Article 1199 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2023. The Author(s). ;The Author(s) 2023. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;The Author(s) 2023 ;ISSN: 2045-2322 ;EISSN: 2045-2322 ;DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26600-5 ;PMID: 36681725

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  • Title:
    Isolation and characterization of nanocellulose from selected hardwoods, viz., Eucalyptus tereticornis Sm. and Casuarina equisetifolia L., by steam explosion method
  • Author: Raju, Vishnu ; Revathiswaran, Revathi ; Subramanian, Kizhaeral Sevanthapandian ; Parthiban, Kalappan Thangamuthu ; Chandrakumar, Kalichamy ; Anoop, Elaveetil Vasu ; Chirayil, Cintil Jose
  • Subjects: Atomic force microscopy ; Bleaching ; Casuarina equisetifolia ; Cellulose ; Cellulose - chemistry ; Eucalyptus ; Eucalyptus tereticornis ; Hardwoods ; Lignin ; Microscopy ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Pulp ; Scanning electron microscopy ; Steam ; Thermal stability ; Transmission electron microscopy ; X-ray diffraction
  • Is Part Of: Scientific reports, 2023-01, Vol.13 (1), p.1199-1199, Article 1199
  • Description: Extraction of nanocellulose is challenging, especially from hardwoods due to its complex chemical structure as well as structural hierarchy. In this study, nanocellulose was isolated from wood pulp of two hardwood species, namely Eucalyptus tereticornis Sm. and Casuarina equisetifolia L. by steam explosion process. Pure cellulose wood pulp was obtained through Kraft pulping process followed by alkaline and bleaching pre-treatments. Isolated nanocellulose was characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Fourier Transformed Infrared (FTIR) Spectra, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. Nanocellulose obtained from both species showed non-significant difference with average diameter of 27.801 nm for eucalyptus and 28.690 nm for casuarina, which was confirmed from TEM and AFM images. FTIR spectra of nanocellulose showed prominent peaks corresponding to cellulose and absence of peaks corresponding to lignin. The elemental purity of nanocellulose was confirmed with EDAX detector. XRD analysis showed the enrichment of crystalline cellulose in nanocellulose, and also confirmed the significant conversion of cellulose I to cellulose II. During TG analysis the untreated fibres started to degrade earlier than the nanocellulose which indicated the higher thermal stability of nanocellulose. Highly entangled network like structure along with high aspect ratio make the nanofibres a versatile material for reinforcing the composites. This successful method can be replicated for industrial level production of cellulose nanofibres.
  • Publisher: England: Nature Publishing Group
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 2045-2322
    EISSN: 2045-2322
    DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26600-5
    PMID: 36681725
  • Source: Open Access: PubMed Central
    AUTh Library subscriptions: ProQuest Central
    Directory of Open Access Journals
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