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Effects of Raw Material Source on the Properties of CMC Composite Films

Polymers, 2021-12, Vol.14 (1), p.32 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;2021 by the authors. 2021 ;ISSN: 2073-4360 ;EISSN: 2073-4360 ;DOI: 10.3390/polym14010032 ;PMID: 35012053

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  • Title:
    Effects of Raw Material Source on the Properties of CMC Composite Films
  • Author: Yao, Yao ; Sun, Zhenbing ; Li, Xiaobao ; Tang, Zhengjie ; Li, Xiaoping ; Morrell, Jeffrey J ; Liu, Yang ; Li, Chunli ; Luo, Zhinan
  • Subjects: Bamboo ; bamboo culms ; bamboo leaves ; Carboxymethyl cellulose ; Caustic soda ; Cellulose ; Chinese pine wood ; CMC ; E coli ; Ethanol ; Fourier transforms ; Glycerol ; industrial hemp hurd ; Infrared spectra ; Leaves ; Lignin ; Lignocellulose ; Papermaking ; pine needles ; Pyrolysis ; Sodium ; Sodium alginate ; Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose ; Spectrum analysis ; Substitutes ; Tensile strength ; Wood pulp
  • Is Part Of: Polymers, 2021-12, Vol.14 (1), p.32
  • Description: Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) can be derived from a variety of cellulosic materials and is widely used in petroleum mining, construction, paper making, and packaging. CMCs can be derived from many sources with the final properties reflecting the characteristics of the original lignocellulosic matrix as well as the subsequent separation steps that affect the degree of carboxy methyl substitution on the cellulose hydroxyls. While a large percentage of CMCs is derived from wood pulp, many other plant sources may produce more attractive properties for specific applications. The effects of five plant sources on the resulting properties of CMC and CMC/sodium alginate/glycerol composite films were studied. The degree of substitution and resulting tensile strength in leaf-derived CMC was from 0.87 to 0.89 and from 15.81 to 16.35 MPa, respectively, while the degree of substitution and resulting tensile strength in wooden materials-derived CMC were from 1.08 to 1.17 and from 26.08 to 28.97 MPa, respectively. Thus, the degree of substitution and resulting tensile strength tended to be 20% lower in leaf-derived CMCs compared to those prepared from wood or bamboo. Microstructures of bamboo cellulose, bamboo CMC powder, and bamboo leaf CMC composites' films all differed from pine-derived material, but plant source had no noticeable effect on the X-ray diffraction characteristics, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra, or pyrolysis properties of CMC or composites films. The results highlighted the potential for using plant source as a tool for varying CMC properties for specific applications.
  • Publisher: Switzerland: MDPI AG
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 2073-4360
    EISSN: 2073-4360
    DOI: 10.3390/polym14010032
    PMID: 35012053
  • Source: Geneva Foundation Free Medical Journals at publisher websites
    PubMed Central
    Directory of Open Access Journals
    ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources
    ProQuest Central
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