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Prevalence of Resistant Hypertension in the United States, 2003–2008

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. 1979), 2011-06, Vol.57 (6), p.1076-1080 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2011 American Heart Association, Inc. ;2015 INIST-CNRS ;ISSN: 0194-911X ;EISSN: 1524-4563 ;DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.111.170308 ;PMID: 21502568 ;CODEN: HPRTDN

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Title:
Prevalence of Resistant Hypertension in the United States, 2003–2008
Author: Persell, Stephen D
Subjects: Adult ; Antihypertensive Agents - classification ; Antihypertensive Agents - therapeutic use ; Arterial hypertension. Arterial hypotension ; Biological and medical sciences ; Blood and lymphatic vessels ; Blood Pressure - drug effects ; Cardiology. Vascular system ; Cardiovascular Diseases - physiopathology ; Clinical manifestations. Epidemiology. Investigative techniques. Etiology ; Drug Resistance ; Drug Therapy - methods ; Drug Therapy - statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Hypertension - drug therapy ; Hypertension - epidemiology ; Hypertension - physiopathology ; Medical sciences ; Nutrition Surveys - statistics & numerical data ; Prevalence ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors ; United States - epidemiology
Is Part Of: Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. 1979), 2011-06, Vol.57 (6), p.1076-1080
Description: The prevalence of resistant hypertension is unknown. Much previous knowledge comes from referral populations or clinical trial participants. Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2003 through 2008, nonpregnant adults with hypertension were classified as resistant if their blood pressure was ≥140/90 mm Hg and they reported using antihypertensive medications from 3 different drug classes or drugs from ≥4 antihypertensive drug classes regardless of blood pressure. Among US adults with hypertension, 8.9% (SE0.6%) met criteria for resistant hypertension. This represented 12.8% (SE0.9%) of the antihypertensive drug–treated population. Of all drug-treated adults whose hypertension was uncontrolled, 72.4% (SE1.6%) were taking drugs from <3 classes. Compared with those with controlled hypertension using 1 to 3 medication classes, adults with resistant hypertension were more likely to be older, to be non-Hispanic black, and to have higher body mass index (all P<0.001). They were more likely to have albuminuria, reduced renal function, and self-reported medical histories of coronary heart disease, heart failure, stroke, and diabetes mellitus (P<0.001). Most (85.6% [SE2.4%]) individuals with resistant hypertension used a diuretic. Of this group, 64.4% (SE3.2%) used the relatively weak thiazide diuretic hydrochlorothiazide. Although not rare, resistant hypertension is currently found in only a modest proportion of the hypertensive population. Among those classified here as resistant, inadequate diuretic therapy may be a modifiable therapeutic target. Cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, obesity, and renal dysfunction were all common in this population.
Publisher: Hagerstown, MD: American Heart Association, Inc
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 0194-911X
EISSN: 1524-4563
DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.111.170308
PMID: 21502568
CODEN: HPRTDN
Source: GFMER Free Medical Journals
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Prevalence of Resistant Hypertension in the United States, 2003–2008

2011 American Heart Association, Inc. ;2015 INIST-CNRS ;ISSN: 0194-911X ;EISSN: 1524-4563 ;DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.111.170308 ;PMID: 21502568 ;CODEN: HPRTDN

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