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Influence of smoking on gingival crevicular fluid cytokines in severe chronic periodontitis

Journal of clinical periodontology, 2011-03, Vol.38 (3), p.219-228 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S ;2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S. ;ISSN: 0303-6979 ;EISSN: 1600-051X ;DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2010.01684.x ;PMID: 21198766

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Title:
Influence of smoking on gingival crevicular fluid cytokines in severe chronic periodontitis
Author: Tymkiw, Keelen D. ; Thunell, Daniel H. ; Johnson, Georgia K. ; Joly, Sophie ; Burnell, Kindra K. ; Cavanaugh, Joseph E. ; Brogden, Kim A. ; Guthmiller, Janet M.
Subjects: Cell activation ; Chemokine CCL2 - analysis ; Chemokine CCL3 - analysis ; Chemokine CCL5 - analysis ; Chemokines ; Chemokines - analysis ; Chemokines, CC - analysis ; chronic periodontitis ; Chronic Periodontitis - immunology ; Cytokines ; Cytokines - analysis ; Dentistry ; Female ; gingival crevicular fluid ; Gingival Crevicular Fluid - immunology ; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor - analysis ; Humans ; immune response ; Immune system ; Immunoassay ; Interferon-gamma - analysis ; Interleukin-12 Subunit p40 - analysis ; Interleukin-13 - analysis ; Interleukin-15 - analysis ; Interleukin-1alpha - analysis ; Interleukin-1beta - analysis ; Interleukin-2 - analysis ; Interleukin-4 - analysis ; Interleukin-6 - analysis ; Interleukin-8 - analysis ; Killer Cells, Natural - immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; periodontal disease ; periodontitis/aetiology ; smoking ; Smoking - immunology ; T-Lymphocytes - immunology
Is Part Of: Journal of clinical periodontology, 2011-03, Vol.38 (3), p.219-228
Description: Tymkiw KD, Thunell DH, Johnson GK, Joly S, Burnell KK, Cavanaugh JE, Brogden KA, Guthmiller JM. Influence of smoking on gingival crevicular fluid cytokines in severe chronic periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 2011; 38: 219–228. 38: 219–228. doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐051X.2010.01684.x. Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the expression of 22 chemokines and cytokines in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from smokers and non‐smokers with periodontitis and periodontally healthy control subjects. Materials and Methods: Forty subjects with generalized severe chronic periodontitis (20 smokers and 20 non‐smokers) and 12 periodontally healthy control subjects participated in this study. Four diseased and two healthy sites were selected from each of the periodontitis subjects. GCF samples were collected and cytokines analysed utilizing a multiplexed immunoassay (Luminex®). Statistical analyses employed non‐parametric tests including the Mann–Whitney and Wilcoxon matched‐pairs signed‐rank tests. Results: Compared with healthy control subjects, GCF in subjects with chronic periodontitis contained significantly higher amounts of interleukin (IL)‐1α, IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐12(p40) (pro‐inflammatory cytokines); IL‐8, macrophage chemotactic protein (MCP)‐1, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)‐1α, regulated on activation normal T‐cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) (chemokines); IL‐2, IFN‐γ, IL‐3, IL‐4 (Th1/Th2 cytokines); IL‐15 [regulator of T‐cells and natural killer (NK) cells]. Smokers displayed decreased amounts of pro‐inflammatory cytokines [IL‐1α, IL‐6, IL‐12(p40)], chemokines (IL‐8, MCP‐1, MIP‐1, RANTES), and regulators of T‐cells and NK cells (IL‐7, IL‐15). Conclusions: Periodontitis subjects had significantly elevated cytokine and chemokine profiles. Smokers exhibited a decrease in several pro‐inflammatory cytokines and chemokines and certain regulators of T‐cells and NK‐cells. This reflects the immunosuppressant effects of smoking which may contribute to an enhanced susceptibility to periodontitis.
Publisher: Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 0303-6979
EISSN: 1600-051X
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2010.01684.x
PMID: 21198766
Source: MEDLINE
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Influence of smoking on gingival crevicular fluid cytokines in severe chronic periodontitis

2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S ;2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S. ;ISSN: 0303-6979 ;EISSN: 1600-051X ;DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2010.01684.x ;PMID: 21198766

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