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Transport and bioaccumulation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans at the Bien Hoa Agent Orange hotspot in Vietnam

Environmental science and pollution research international, 2015-10, Vol.22 (19), p.14431-14441 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014 ;Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015 ;ISSN: 0944-1344 ;EISSN: 1614-7499 ;DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3946-9 ;PMID: 25510612

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Title:
Transport and bioaccumulation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans at the Bien Hoa Agent Orange hotspot in Vietnam
Author: Van Thuong, Nguyen ; Hung, Nguyen Xuan ; Mo, Nguyen Thi ; Thang, Nguyen Manh ; Huy, Pham Quang ; Van Binh, Hoang ; Nam, Vu Duc ; Van Thuy, Nguyen ; Son, Le Ke ; Minh, Nguyen Hung
Subjects: 12th IHPA Forum and selected studies on POPs ; 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid - analysis ; 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid - pharmacokinetics ; 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid - analysis ; 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid - pharmacokinetics ; Agent Orange ; Animals ; Aquatic Pollution ; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution ; Benzofurans - analysis ; Benzofurans - pharmacokinetics ; Bioaccumulation ; Chemical spills ; Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated ; Dioxins ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Ecotoxicology ; Environment ; Environmental Chemistry ; Environmental Health ; Environmental Monitoring - methods ; Environmental Restoration and Remediation ; Fishes - metabolism ; Herbicides ; Land area ; Pesticides ; Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins - analogs & derivatives ; Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins - analysis ; Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins - pharmacokinetics ; Soil contamination ; Soil Pollutants - analysis ; Soil Pollutants - pharmacokinetics ; Vietnam ; Vietnam War ; Waste Water Technology ; Water Management ; Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis ; Water Pollutants, Chemical - pharmacokinetics ; Water Pollution Control ; Wood preservatives
Is Part Of: Environmental science and pollution research international, 2015-10, Vol.22 (19), p.14431-14441
Description: The Bien Hoa airbase (south of Vietnam) is known as one of the Agent Orange hotspots which have been seriously contaminated by Agent Orange/dioxin during the Vietnam War. Hundreds of samples including soil, sediment and fish were collected at the Bien Hoa Agent Orange hotspot for assessment of the environmental contamination caused by dibenzo- p -dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs). The toxicity equivalency quotient (TEQ) concentration of PCDD/Fs in soil and sediment varied from 7.6 to 962,000 and 17 to 4860 pg/g dry wt, respectively, implying very high contamination of PCDD/Fs in several areas. PCDD/F levels in fish ranged between 1.8 and 288 pg/g TEQ wet wt and was generally higher than advisory guidelines for food consumption. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorinated dibenzo- p -dioxins (2,3,7,8-TCDD) contributed 66–99 % of TEQ for most of the samples, suggesting 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) from Agent Orange as the major source of the contamination. The vertical transport of PCDD/Fs was observed in soil column with high TEQ levels above 1000 pg/g dry wt (Vietnamese limit for necessary remediation activities- TCVN 8183:2009 ( 2009 )) even at a depth of 1.8 m. The vertical transport of PCDD/Fs has probably mainly taken place during the “Ranch Hand” defoliant spray activities due to the leaks and spills of phenoxy herbicides and solvents. The congener patterns suggest that transports of PCDD/Fs by weathering processes have led to their redistribution in the low-land areas. Also, an estimate for the total volume of contaminated soil requiring remediation to meet Vietnamese regulatory limits is provided.
Publisher: Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 0944-1344
EISSN: 1614-7499
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3946-9
PMID: 25510612
Source: MEDLINE
ProQuest Central

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Transport and bioaccumulation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans at the Bien Hoa Agent Orange hotspot in Vietnam

Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014 ;Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015 ;ISSN: 0944-1344 ;EISSN: 1614-7499 ;DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3946-9 ;PMID: 25510612

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