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Key Signatures of Prominence Materials and Category of Cold Materials Identified by Random Forest Classifier

The Astrophysical journal. Supplement series, 2023-09, Vol.268 (1), p.25 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2023. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society. ;2023. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;ISSN: 0067-0049 ;EISSN: 1538-4365 ;DOI: 10.3847/1538-4365/ace447

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  • Title:
    Key Signatures of Prominence Materials and Category of Cold Materials Identified by Random Forest Classifier
  • Author: Cheng, Zexin ; Yao, Shuo ; Meng, Shuyi
  • Subjects: Algorithms ; Charge materials ; Classifiers ; Cold ; Coronal mass ejection ; Criteria ; Interplanetary space ; Machine learning ; Magnetic fields ; Oxygen ; Prominences ; Protons ; Segments ; Signatures ; Solar corona ; Solar coronal mass ejections ; Solar observations ; Solar prominences ; Solar wind ; Sunspot numbers ; Sunspots ; Support vector machines
  • Is Part Of: The Astrophysical journal. Supplement series, 2023-09, Vol.268 (1), p.25
  • Description: Abstract The origin of cold materials identified by different criteria is unclear. They are highly suspected to be erupted prominences. However, some cold materials defined by charge depletion exist in both quiet solar wind and interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs). Recently, solar observations show failed prominence eruption in coronal mass ejections (CMEs) that the prominence sometimes did not propagate into interplanetary space. This work uses Random Forest Classifier (RFC), which is an interpretable supervised machine-learning algorithm to study the distinct signatures of prominence cold materials (PCs) compared to quiet solar wind (QSW) and ICMEs excluding cold materials (ICMEEs). Twelve physical features measured by ACE at 1 au and the monthly averaged sunspot number are used in this study. The measurements from ACE are proton moments, magnetic field component B z , He/H, He/O, Fe/O, mean charge of oxygen and carbon, C 6+ /C 5 , C 6+ /C 4+ , and O 7+ /O 6+ . According to the returned weights from RFC that are checked by support vector machine classifier, the most important in situ signatures of PCs are obtained. Next, the trained RFC is used to check the category of the cold materials not related to CME observations. The results show that most segments of the cold materials are from prominences, but four of them are possibly from ICMEEs; another one segment is possibly from QSW. The most distinct signatures of PCs are lower (C 6+ /C 5+ )/(O 7+ /O 6+ ), proton temperature, and He/O. Considering the obvious overlaps on key physical features between QSW, ICMEEs, and PCs, the multifeature classifier shows an advantage in identifying them than solid criteria.
  • Publisher: Saskatoon: The American Astronomical Society
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 0067-0049
    EISSN: 1538-4365
    DOI: 10.3847/1538-4365/ace447
  • Source: IOPscience (Open Access)
    Institute of Physics Open Access Journal Titles
    Alma/SFX Local Collection
    DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
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