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Enzymatic production of 3,6-anhydro-l-galactose from agarose and its purification and in vitro skin whitening and anti-inflammatory activities

Applied microbiology and biotechnology, 2013-04, Vol.97 (7), p.2961-2970 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

Springer-Verlag 2012 ;Springer-Verlag 2013 ;ISSN: 0175-7598 ;EISSN: 1432-0614 ;DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4184-z ;PMID: 22678025

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Title:
Enzymatic production of 3,6-anhydro-l-galactose from agarose and its purification and in vitro skin whitening and anti-inflammatory activities
Author: Yun, Eun Ju ; Lee, Saeyoung ; Kim, Ji Hye ; Kim, Bo Bae ; Kim, Hee Taek ; Lee, Sun Hee ; Pelton, Jeffrey G. ; Kang, Nam Joo ; Choi, In-Geol ; Kim, Kyoung Heon
Subjects: Acetic Acid - metabolism ; Acids ; Algae ; Analysis ; Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - isolation & purification ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - metabolism ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - toxicity ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Biotechnologically Relevant Enzymes and Proteins ; Biotechnology ; Cell Line ; Cell Proliferation - drug effects ; Cell Survival - drug effects ; Chromatography ; Disaccharidases - metabolism ; Enzymes ; Galactose - analogs & derivatives ; Galactose - isolation & purification ; Galactose - metabolism ; Galactose - pharmacology ; Galactose - toxicity ; Glycoside Hydrolases - metabolism ; Hydrolysis ; Industrial production ; Life Sciences ; Macrophages - drug effects ; Melanins - biosynthesis ; Melanocytes - drug effects ; Metabolism ; Mice ; Microbial Genetics and Genomics ; Microbiology ; Pharmaceuticals ; Physiology ; Sepharose - metabolism ; Skin Lightening Preparations - isolation & purification ; Skin Lightening Preparations - metabolism ; Skin Lightening Preparations - pharmacology ; Skin Lightening Preparations - toxicity ; Studies
Is Part Of: Applied microbiology and biotechnology, 2013-04, Vol.97 (7), p.2961-2970
Description: 3,6-Anhydro- l -galactose (L-AHG) constitutes 50 % of agarose, which is the main component of red macroalgae. No information is currently available on the mass production, metabolic fate, or physiological effects of L-AHG. Here, agarose was converted to L-AHG in the following three steps: pre-hydrolysis of agarose into agaro-oligosaccharides by using acetic acid, hydrolysis of the agaro-oligosaccharides into neoagarobiose by an exo-agarase, and hydrolysis of neoagarobiose into L-AHG and galactose by a neoagarobiose hydrolase. After these three steps, L-AHG was purified by adsorption and gel permeation chromatographies. The final product obtained was 95.6 % pure L-AHG at a final yield of 4.0 % based on the initial agarose. In a cell proliferation assay, L-AHG at a concentration of 100 or 200 μg/ mL did not exhibit any significant cytotoxicity. In a skin whitening assay, 100 μg/ mL of L-AHG showed significantly lower melanin production compared to arbutin. L-AHG at 100 and 200 μg/ mL showed strong anti-inflammatory activity, indicating the significant suppression of nitrite production. This is the first report on the production of high-purity L-AHG and its physiological activities.
Publisher: Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 0175-7598
EISSN: 1432-0614
DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4184-z
PMID: 22678025
Source: MEDLINE
Alma/SFX Local Collection
ProQuest Central

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Enzymatic production of 3,6-anhydro-l-galactose from agarose and its purification and in vitro skin whitening and anti-inflammatory activities

Springer-Verlag 2012 ;Springer-Verlag 2013 ;ISSN: 0175-7598 ;EISSN: 1432-0614 ;DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4184-z ;PMID: 22678025

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