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SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers profibrotic macrophage responses and lung fibrosis

Cell, 2021-12, Vol.184 (26), p.6243-6261.e27 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2021 ;Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier Inc. ;2021 Published by Elsevier Inc. 2021 ;ISSN: 0092-8674 ;EISSN: 1097-4172 ;DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.11.033 ;PMID: 34914922

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Title:
SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers profibrotic macrophage responses and lung fibrosis
Author: Wendisch, Daniel ; Dietrich, Oliver ; Mari, Tommaso ; von Stillfried, Saskia ; Ibarra, Ignacio L. ; Mittermaier, Mirja ; Mache, Christin ; Chua, Robert Lorenz ; Knoll, Rainer ; Timm, Sara ; Brumhard, Sophia ; Krammer, Tobias ; Zauber, Henrik ; Hiller, Anna Luisa ; Pascual-Reguant, Anna ; Mothes, Ronja ; Bülow, Roman David ; Schulze, Jessica ; Leipold, Alexander M. ; Djudjaj, Sonja ; Erhard, Florian ; Geffers, Robert ; Pott, Fabian ; Kazmierski, Julia ; Radke, Josefine ; Pergantis, Panagiotis ; Baßler, Kevin ; Conrad, Claudia ; Aschenbrenner, Anna C. ; Sawitzki, Birgit ; Landthaler, Markus ; Wyler, Emanuel ; Horst, David ; Hippenstiel, Stefan ; Hocke, Andreas ; Heppner, Frank L. ; Uhrig, Alexander ; Garcia, Carmen ; Machleidt, Felix ; Herold, Susanne ; Elezkurtaj, Sefer ; Thibeault, Charlotte ; Witzenrath, Martin ; Cochain, Clément ; Suttorp, Norbert ; Drosten, Christian ; Goffinet, Christine ; Kurth, Florian ; Schultze, Joachim L. ; Radbruch, Helena ; Ochs, Matthias ; Eils, Roland ; Müller-Redetzky, Holger ; Hauser, Anja E. ; Luecken, Malte D. ; Theis, Fabian J. ; Conrad, Christian ; Wolff, Thorsten ; Boor, Peter ; Selbach, Matthias ; Saliba, Antoine-Emmanuel ; Sander, Leif Erik
Subjects: Antigens, CD - metabolism ; Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic - metabolism ; ARDS ; Cell Communication ; Cohort Studies ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 - diagnostic imaging ; COVID-19 - pathology ; COVID-19 - virology ; Fibroblasts - pathology ; fibrosis ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis - diagnostic imaging ; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis - genetics ; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis - pathology ; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis - virology ; IPF ; lung ; macrophages ; Macrophages - pathology ; Macrophages - virology ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells - pathology ; monocytes ; Phenotype ; Proteome - metabolism ; proteomics ; pulmonary fibrosis ; Receptors, Cell Surface - metabolism ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome - diagnostic imaging ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome - pathology ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome - virology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; SARS-CoV-2 - physiology ; single-cell transcriptomics ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Transcription, Genetic
Is Part Of: Cell, 2021-12, Vol.184 (26), p.6243-6261.e27
Description: COVID-19-induced “acute respiratory distress syndrome” (ARDS) is associated with prolonged respiratory failure and high mortality, but the mechanistic basis of lung injury remains incompletely understood. Here, we analyze pulmonary immune responses and lung pathology in two cohorts of patients with COVID-19 ARDS using functional single-cell genomics, immunohistology, and electron microscopy. We describe an accumulation of CD163-expressing monocyte-derived macrophages that acquired a profibrotic transcriptional phenotype during COVID-19 ARDS. Gene set enrichment and computational data integration revealed a significant similarity between COVID-19-associated macrophages and profibrotic macrophage populations identified in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. COVID-19 ARDS was associated with clinical, radiographic, histopathological, and ultrastructural hallmarks of pulmonary fibrosis. Exposure of human monocytes to SARS-CoV-2, but not influenza A virus or viral RNA analogs, was sufficient to induce a similar profibrotic phenotype in vitro. In conclusion, we demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 triggers profibrotic macrophage responses and pronounced fibroproliferative ARDS. [Display omitted] •Monocyte-derived macrophages accumulate in the lung in COVID-19 ARDS•Macrophages in COVID-19 express genes associated with profibrotic functions•Patients with severe COVID-19 ARDS display hallmarks of pulmonary fibrosis•SARS-CoV-2 induces a profibrotic transcriptome and proteome profile in macrophages SARS-CoV-2 infection, but not influenza A, triggers immunological and pathological changes in the lung that are hallmarks of pulmonary fibrosis. A subset of CD163+ macrophages are found to drive this fibroproliferative acute respiratory distress.
Publisher: United States: Elsevier Inc
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 0092-8674
EISSN: 1097-4172
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.11.033
PMID: 34914922
Source: Cell Press Free Archives
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SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers profibrotic macrophage responses and lung fibrosis

2021 ;Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier Inc. ;2021 Published by Elsevier Inc. 2021 ;ISSN: 0092-8674 ;EISSN: 1097-4172 ;DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.11.033 ;PMID: 34914922

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