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A Pilot Study of Implementing Diabetic Retinopathy Screening in the Oslo Region, Norway: Baseline Results

Biomedicines, 2023-04, Vol.11 (4), p.1222 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

COPYRIGHT 2023 MDPI AG ;2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess ;2023 by the authors. 2023 ;ISSN: 2227-9059 ;EISSN: 2227-9059 ;DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041222 ;PMID: 37189840

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  • Title:
    A Pilot Study of Implementing Diabetic Retinopathy Screening in the Oslo Region, Norway: Baseline Results
  • Author: Sauesund, Ellen Steffenssen ; Jørstad, Øystein Kalsnes ; Brunborg, Cathrine ; Moe, Morten Carstens ; Erke, Maja Gran ; Fosmark, Dag Sigurd ; Petrovski, Goran
  • Subjects: Acuity ; Albumin ; Blood pressure ; Body mass index ; Cholesterol ; Creatinine ; Diabetes ; Diabetes mellitus ; Diabetic retinopathy ; Edema ; Eye ; Health aspects ; Heart beat ; Heart rate ; Hypertension ; Medical examination ; Medical research ; Norway ; Ophthalmology ; Patients ; Retinopathy ; screening ; Urine
  • Is Part Of: Biomedicines, 2023-04, Vol.11 (4), p.1222
  • Description: to gain insight into the baseline parameters of a population with diabetes mellitus (DM) included in a pilot diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening program at Oslo University Hospital (OUH), Norway. This was a cross-sectional study of a cohort of adult patients (≥18 years) with type 1 or 2 DM (T1D and T2D). We measured the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), intraocular pressure (IOP), height and weight. We also collected HbA1c, total serum cholesterol and urine-albumin, -creatinine and -albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR), as well as socio-demographic parameters, medications and previous screening history. We obtained color fundus photographs, which were graded by two experienced ophthalmologists according to the International Clinical Disease Severity Scale for DR. The study included 180 eyes of 90 patients: 12 patients (13.3%) had T1D and 78 (86.7%) had T2D. In the T1D group, 5 patients (41.7%) had no DR, and 7 (58.3%) had some degree of DR. In the T2D group, 60 patients (76.9%) had no DR, and 18 (23.1%) had some degree of DR. None of the patients had proliferative DR. Of the 43 patients not newly diagnosed (time of diagnosis > 5 years for T1D and >1 years for T2D), 37.5% of the T1D patients and 5.7% of the T2D patients had previously undergone regular screening. Univariate analyses found for the whole cohort significant associations between DR and age, HbA1c, urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio, body mass index (BMI) and duration of DM. For the T2D group alone, there were significant associations between DR and HbA1c, BMI, urine creatinine, urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio and duration of DM. The analysis also showed three times higher odds for DR in the T1D group than the T2D group. This study underscores the need for implementing a systematic DR screening program in the Oslo region, Norway, to better reach out to patients with DM and improve their screening adherence. Timely and proper treatment can prevent or mitigate vision loss and improve the prognosis. A considerable number of patients were referred from general practitioners for not being followed by an ophthalmologist.Among patients not newly diagnosed with DM, 62.8% had never had an eye exam, and the duration of DM for these patients was up to 18 years (median: 8 years).
  • Publisher: Switzerland: MDPI AG
  • Language: English;Norwegian
  • Identifier: ISSN: 2227-9059
    EISSN: 2227-9059
    DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041222
    PMID: 37189840
  • Source: GFMER Free Medical Journals
    NORA Norwegian Open Research Archives
    PubMed Central
    ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources
    ProQuest Central
    DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
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