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Maternal voluntary exercise mitigates oxidative stress and incidence of congenital heart defects in pre‐gestational diabetes

Journal of cellular and molecular medicine, 2019-08, Vol.23 (8), p.5553-5565 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2019 The Authors. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd and Foundation for Cellular and Molecular Medicine. ;2019. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;ISSN: 1582-1838 ;EISSN: 1582-4934 ;DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14439 ;PMID: 31211496

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Title:
Maternal voluntary exercise mitigates oxidative stress and incidence of congenital heart defects in pre‐gestational diabetes
Author: Saiyin, Tana ; Engineer, Anish ; Greco, Elizabeth R. ; Kim, Mella Y. ; Lu, Xiangru ; Jones, Douglas L. ; Feng, Qingping
Subjects: Animals ; Antibodies ; Antioxidants ; Birth defects ; Blood Glucose - metabolism ; Capillaries - abnormalities ; Cardiovascular disease ; Cell Proliferation ; congenital heart defects ; Coronary artery ; Coronary Vessel Anomalies - pathology ; Coronary vessels ; Cyclin D1 ; Diabetes ; Diabetes mellitus ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - complications ; Diabetes, Gestational - pathology ; Embryo, Mammalian - pathology ; Embryos ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; exercise ; Female ; Females ; Gene expression ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Gestational diabetes ; Glucose ; Health risks ; Heart ; Heart Defects, Congenital - etiology ; heart development ; Hyperglycemia ; Immunoglobulins ; Incidence ; Laboratories ; Litter Size ; Male ; Males ; Mesenchyme ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Morphogenesis ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III - metabolism ; Offspring ; Original ; Oxidative Stress ; Pathogenesis ; Pericardium - embryology ; Pericardium - pathology ; Phosphorylation ; Physical Conditioning, Animal ; Physical training ; Pregnancy ; pre‐gestational diabetes ; Progeny ; Proteins ; Reactive oxygen species ; Smooth muscle ; Streptozocin ; Studies ; Womens health
Is Part Of: Journal of cellular and molecular medicine, 2019-08, Vol.23 (8), p.5553-5565
Description: Women with pre‐gestational diabetes have a higher risk of producing children with congenital heart defects (CHDs), caused predominantly by hyperglycemia‐induced oxidative stress. In this study, we evaluated if exercise during pregnancy could mitigate oxidative stress and reduce the incidence of CHDs in the offspring of diabetic mice. Female mice were treated with streptozotocin to induce pre‐gestational diabetes, then mated with healthy males to produce offspring. They were also given access to running wheels 1 week before mating and allowed to exercise voluntarily until E18.5. Heart morphology, gene expression, and oxidative stress were assessed in foetal hearts. Maternal voluntary exercise results in a significantly lower incidence of CHDs from 59.5% to 25%. Additionally, diabetes‐induced defects in coronary artery and capillary morphogenesis were also lower with exercise. Myocardial cell proliferation and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition at E12.5 was significantly lower with pre‐gestational diabetes which was mitigated with maternal exercise. Cardiac gene expression of Notch1, Snail1, Gata4 and Cyclin D1 was significantly higher in the embryos of diabetic mice that exercised compared to the non‐exercised group. Furthermore, maternal exercise produced lower reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress in the foetal heart. In conclusion, maternal exercise mitigates ROS and oxidative damage in the foetal heart, and results in a lower incidence of CHDs in the offspring of pre‐gestational diabetes. Exercise may be an effective intervention to compliment clinical management and further minimize CHD risk in mothers with diabetes.
Publisher: England: John Wiley & Sons, Inc
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 1582-1838
EISSN: 1582-4934
DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14439
PMID: 31211496
Source: Journals@Ovid Open Access Journal Collection Rolling
AUTh Library subscriptions: ProQuest Central
MEDLINE
PubMed Central
Wiley Online Library Open Access
DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals

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Maternal voluntary exercise mitigates oxidative stress and incidence of congenital heart defects in pre‐gestational diabetes

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