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Sulfur metabolites that facilitate oceanic phytoplankton-bacteria carbon flux

The ISME Journal, 2019-10, Vol.13 (10), p.2536-2550 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

Copyright Nature Publishing Group Oct 2019 ;Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ;The Author(s), under exclusive licence to International Society for Microbial Ecology 2019 ;ISSN: 1751-7362 ;EISSN: 1751-7370 ;DOI: 10.1038/s41396-019-0455-3 ;PMID: 31227817

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Title:
Sulfur metabolites that facilitate oceanic phytoplankton-bacteria carbon flux
Author: Landa, Marine ; Burns, Andrew S ; Durham, Bryndan P ; Esson, Kaitlin ; Nowinski, Brent ; Sharma, Shalabh ; Vorobev, Alexey ; Nielsen, Torben ; Kiene, Ronald P ; Moran, Mary Ann
Subjects: Alphaproteobacteria - genetics ; Bacteria ; Bacteria - genetics ; Bacteria - isolation & purification ; Bacteria - metabolism ; Biological activity ; Carbon ; Carbon - metabolism ; Carbon Cycle ; Choline ; Diagnostic systems ; Diatoms - metabolism ; Dimethylsulphoniopropionate ; Dinoflagellates ; Gene expression ; Genetic transformation ; Genomes ; Heterotrophic Processes ; Heterotrophy ; Life Sciences ; Metabolites ; Microbial activity ; Microorganisms ; Nitrogen ; Oceans ; Oceans and Seas ; Phosphorus ; Phytoplankton ; Phytoplankton - genetics ; Phytoplankton - isolation & purification ; Phytoplankton - metabolism ; Seawater ; Seawater - microbiology ; Sulfates ; Sulfur ; Sulfur - metabolism ; Taurine
Is Part Of: The ISME Journal, 2019-10, Vol.13 (10), p.2536-2550
Description: Unlike biologically available nitrogen and phosphorus, which are often at limiting concentrations in surface seawater, sulfur in the form of sulfate is plentiful and not considered to constrain marine microbial activity. Nonetheless, in a model system in which a marine bacterium obtains all of its carbon from co-cultured phytoplankton, bacterial gene expression suggests that at least seven dissolved organic sulfur (DOS) metabolites support bacterial heterotrophy. These labile exometabolites of marine dinoflagellates and diatoms include taurine, N-acetyltaurine, isethionate, choline-O-sulfate, cysteate, 2,3-dihydroxypropane-1-sulfonate (DHPS), and dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP). Leveraging from the compounds identified in this model system, we assessed the role of sulfur metabolites in the ocean carbon cycle by mining the Tara Oceans dataset for diagnostic genes. In the 1.4 million bacterial genome equivalents surveyed, estimates of the frequency of genomes harboring the capability for DOS metabolite utilization ranged broadly, from only 1 out of every 190 genomes (for the C2 sulfonate isethionate) to 1 out of every 5 (for the sulfonium compound DMSP). Bacteria able to participate in DOS transformations are dominated by Alphaproteobacteria in the surface ocean, but by SAR324, Acidimicrobiia, and Gammaproteobacteria at mesopelagic depths, where the capability for utilization occurs in higher frequency than in surface bacteria for more than half the sulfur metabolites. The discovery of an abundant and diverse suite of marine bacteria with the genetic capacity for DOS transformation argues for an important role for sulfur metabolites in the pelagic ocean carbon cycle.
Publisher: England: Nature Publishing Group
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 1751-7362
EISSN: 1751-7370
DOI: 10.1038/s41396-019-0455-3
PMID: 31227817
Source: Open Access: PubMed Central
AUTh Library subscriptions: ProQuest Central
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Sulfur metabolites that facilitate oceanic phytoplankton-bacteria carbon flux

Copyright Nature Publishing Group Oct 2019 ;Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ;The Author(s), under exclusive licence to International Society for Microbial Ecology 2019 ;ISSN: 1751-7362 ;EISSN: 1751-7370 ;DOI: 10.1038/s41396-019-0455-3 ;PMID: 31227817

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