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Dietary Fiber, Atherosclerosis, and Cardiovascular Disease

Nutrients, 2019-05, Vol.11 (5), p.1155 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2019. This work is licensed under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;2019 by the author. 2019 ;ISSN: 2072-6643 ;EISSN: 2072-6643 ;DOI: 10.3390/nu11051155 ;PMID: 31126110

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Title:
Dietary Fiber, Atherosclerosis, and Cardiovascular Disease
Author: Soliman, Ghada A
Subjects: Adult ; Agricultural development ; Animals ; Arteriosclerosis ; Artichokes ; Atherosclerosis ; Atherosclerosis - blood ; Atherosclerosis - epidemiology ; Atherosclerosis - prevention & control ; Biomarkers - blood ; Broccoli ; cardiovascular disease ; Cardiovascular diseases ; Cardiovascular Diseases - blood ; Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control ; Carrots ; Cholesterol - blood ; Communication ; Corn ; Dairy products ; Dehydration ; Diet ; Diet, Healthy ; Dietary fiber ; Dietary Fiber - administration & dosage ; Dietary Fiber - metabolism ; Disease control ; Dyslipidemias - blood ; Dyslipidemias - epidemiology ; Dyslipidemias - prevention & control ; Federal agencies ; Female ; Food ; Food composition ; Food groups ; Food sources ; Fruits ; functional fiber ; Gums ; Health risks ; Humans ; insoluble fiber ; Lipids ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nutritive Value ; Potatoes ; Protective Factors ; Recommended Dietary Allowances ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors ; Risk Reduction Behavior ; soluble fiber ; Statins ; Sweet potatoes ; the chemical composition of fiber ; Tomatoes ; Vegetables ; Young Adult
Is Part Of: Nutrients, 2019-05, Vol.11 (5), p.1155
Description: Observational studies have shown that dietary fiber intake is associated with decreased risk of cardiovascular disease. Dietary fiber is a non-digestible form of carbohydrates, due to the lack of the digestive enzyme in humans required to digest fiber. Dietary fibers and lignin are intrinsic to plants and are classified according to their water solubility properties as either soluble or insoluble fibers. Water-soluble fibers include pectin, gums, mucilage, fructans, and some resistant starches. They are present in some fruits, vegetables, oats, and barley. Soluble fibers have been shown to lower blood cholesterol by several mechanisms. On the other hand, water-insoluble fibers mainly include lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose; whole-grain foods, bran, nuts, and seeds are rich in these fibers. Water-insoluble fibers have rapid gastric emptying, and as such may decrease the intestinal transit time and increase fecal bulk, thus promoting digestive regularity. In addition to dietary fiber, isolated and extracted fibers are known as functional fiber and have been shown to induce beneficial health effects when added to food during processing. The recommended daily allowances (RDAs) for total fiber intake for men and women aged 19-50 are 38 gram/day and 25 gram/day, respectively. It is worth noting that the RDA recommendations are for healthy people and do not apply to individuals with some chronic diseases. Studies have shown that most Americans do not consume the recommended intake of fiber. This review will summarize the current knowledge regarding dietary fiber, sources of food containing fiber, atherosclerosis, and heart disease risk reduction.
Publisher: Switzerland: MDPI AG
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 2072-6643
EISSN: 2072-6643
DOI: 10.3390/nu11051155
PMID: 31126110
Source: Geneva Foundation Free Medical Journals at publisher websites
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Dietary Fiber, Atherosclerosis, and Cardiovascular Disease

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