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An Empirical Analysis of Machine Learning Algorithms for Crime Prediction Using Stacked Generalization: An Ensemble Approach

IEEE access, 2021, Vol.9, p.67488-67500 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2021 ;ISSN: 2169-3536 ;EISSN: 2169-3536 ;DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3075140 ;CODEN: IAECCG

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  • Title:
    An Empirical Analysis of Machine Learning Algorithms for Crime Prediction Using Stacked Generalization: An Ensemble Approach
  • Author: Kshatri, Sapna Singh ; Singh, Deepak ; Narain, Bhavana ; Bhatia, Surbhi ; Quasim, Mohammad Tabrez ; Sinha, G. R.
  • Subjects: Algorithms ; Artificial neural networks ; Boosting classifier ; Classifiers ; Collaboration ; Configurations ; Crime ; Data models ; Datasets ; Decision making ; Decision trees ; Empirical analysis ; ensemble classifiers ; Indian crime prediction ; Machine learning ; Machine learning algorithms ; Model accuracy ; Prediction algorithms ; Predictions ; Predictive models ; Stacking ; statistical classifiers ; Support vector machines
  • Is Part Of: IEEE access, 2021, Vol.9, p.67488-67500
  • Description: Ensemble learning method is a collaborative decision-making mechanism that implements to aggregate the predictions of learned classifiers in order to produce new instances. Early analysis has shown that the ensemble classifiers are more reliable than any single part classifier, both empirically and logically. While several ensemble methods are presented, it is still not an easy task to find an appropriate configuration for a particular dataset. Several prediction-based theories have been proposed to handle machine learning crime prediction problem in India. It becomes a challenging problem to identify the dynamic nature of crimes. Crime prediction is an attempt to reduce crime rate and deter criminal activities. This work proposes an efficient authentic method called assemble-stacking based crime prediction method (SBCPM) based on SVM algorithms for identifying the appropriate predictions of crime by implementing learning-based methods, using MATLAB. The SVM algorithm is applied to achieve domain-specific configurations compared with another machine learning model J48, SMO Naïve byes bagging and, the Random Forest. The result implies that a model of a performer does not generally work well. In certain cases, the ensemble model outperforms the others with the highest coefficient of correlation, which has the lowest average and absolute errors. The proposed method achieved 99.5% classification accuracy on the testing data. The model is found to produce more predictive effect than the previous researches taken as baselines, focusing solely on crime dataset based on violence. The results also proved that any empirical data on crime, is compatible with criminological theories. The proposed approach also found to be useful for predicting possible crime predictions. And suggest that the prediction accuracy of the stacking ensemble model is higher than that of the individual classifier.
  • Publisher: Piscataway: IEEE
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 2169-3536
    EISSN: 2169-3536
    DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3075140
    CODEN: IAECCG
  • Source: IEEE Open Access Journals
    Directory of Open Access Journals
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