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Assessment and Treatment of Patients With Type 2 Myocardial Infarction and Acute Nonischemic Myocardial Injury

Circulation (New York, N.Y.), 2019-11, Vol.140 (20), p.1661-1678 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2019 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation and the American Heart Association, Inc. ;2019 The Authors. 2019 ;ISSN: 0009-7322 ;EISSN: 1524-4539 ;DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.040631 ;PMID: 31416350

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Title:
Assessment and Treatment of Patients With Type 2 Myocardial Infarction and Acute Nonischemic Myocardial Injury
Author: DeFilippis, Andrew P ; Chapman, Andrew R ; Mills, Nicholas L ; de Lemos, James A ; Arbab-Zadeh, Armin ; Newby, L Kristin ; Morrow, David A
Subjects: Clinical Decision-Making ; Coronary Circulation ; Decision Support Techniques ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction - classification ; Myocardial Infarction - diagnosis ; Myocardial Infarction - epidemiology ; Myocardial Infarction - therapy ; Myocardium - metabolism ; Myocardium - pathology ; Oxygen Consumption ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Prevalence ; Prognosis ; Risk Factors ; State of the Art ; Terminology as Topic
Is Part Of: Circulation (New York, N.Y.), 2019-11, Vol.140 (20), p.1661-1678
Description: Although coronary thrombus overlying a disrupted atherosclerotic plaque has long been considered the hallmark and the primary therapeutic target for acute myocardial infarction (MI), multiple other mechanisms are now known to cause or contribute to MI. It is further recognized that an MI is just one of many types of acute myocardial injury. The Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction provides a taxonomy for acute myocardial injury, including 5 subtypes of MI and nonischemic myocardial injury. The diagnosis of MI is reserved for patients with myocardial ischemia as the cause of myocardial injury, whether attributable to acute atherothrombosis (type 1 MI) or supply/demand mismatch without acute atherothrombosis (type 2 MI). Myocardial injury in the absence of ischemia is categorized as acute or chronic nonischemic myocardial injury. However, optimal evaluation and treatment strategies for these etiologically distinct diagnoses have yet to be defined. Herein, we review the epidemiology, risk factor associations, and diagnostic tools that may assist in differentiating between nonischemic myocardial injury, type 1 MI, and type 2 MI. We identify limitations, review new research, and propose a framework for the diagnostic and therapeutic approach for patients who have suspected MI or other causes of myocardial injury.
Publisher: United States: by the American College of Cardiology Foundation and the American Heart Association, Inc
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 0009-7322
EISSN: 1524-4539
DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.040631
PMID: 31416350
Source: GFMER Free Medical Journals
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Assessment and Treatment of Patients With Type 2 Myocardial Infarction and Acute Nonischemic Myocardial Injury

2019 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation and the American Heart Association, Inc. ;2019 The Authors. 2019 ;ISSN: 0009-7322 ;EISSN: 1524-4539 ;DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.040631 ;PMID: 31416350

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