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Toward Consistent Methodology to Quantify Populations in Proximity to Oil and Gas Development: A National Spatial Analysis and Review

Environmental health perspectives, 2017-08, Vol.125 (8), p.086004-086004 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

COPYRIGHT 2017 National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences ;Copyright National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Aug 2017 ;ISSN: 0091-6765 ;EISSN: 1552-9924 ;DOI: 10.1289/EHP1535 ;PMID: 28858829

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Title:
Toward Consistent Methodology to Quantify Populations in Proximity to Oil and Gas Development: A National Spatial Analysis and Review
Author: Czolowski, Eliza D ; Santoro, Renee L ; Srebotnjak, Tanja ; Shonkoff, Seth B C
Subjects: Census of Population ; Decision making ; Developmental stages ; Distances ; Drilling ; Drying oils ; Ecological risk assessment ; Emissions ; Environmental hazards ; Environmental Health ; Environmental protection ; Environmentally induced diseases ; Epidemiologic methods ; Exposure ; Gas wells ; Geography ; Geology ; Health aspects ; Health hazards ; Health risks ; Humans ; Hydraulic fracturing ; Hydrocarbons ; Infrastructure ; Measurement ; Medical research ; Medicine, Experimental ; Methodology ; Methods ; Natural gas ; Oil ; Oil and Gas Fields ; Outdoor air quality ; Pollutants ; Population studies ; Populations ; Primary production ; Proximity ; Public health ; Review ; Risk ; Risk assessment ; Risk factors ; Spatial Analysis ; Studies ; United States ; Wells
Is Part Of: Environmental health perspectives, 2017-08, Vol.125 (8), p.086004-086004
Description: Higher risk of exposure to environmental health hazards near oil and gas wells has spurred interest in quantifying populations that live in proximity to oil and gas development. The available studies on this topic lack consistent methodology and ignore aspects of oil and gas development of value to public health-relevant assessment and decision-making. We aim to present a methodological framework for oil and gas development proximity studies grounded in an understanding of hydrocarbon geology and development techniques. We geospatially overlay locations of active oil and gas wells in the conterminous United States and Census data to estimate the population living in proximity to hydrocarbon development at the national and state levels. We compare our methods and findings with existing proximity studies. Nationally, we estimate that 17.6 million people live within 1,600m (∼1 mi) of at least one active oil and/or gas well. Three of the eight studies overestimate populations at risk from actively producing oil and gas wells by including wells without evidence of production or drilling completion and/or using inappropriate population allocation methods. The remaining five studies, by omitting conventional wells in regions dominated by historical conventional development, significantly underestimate populations at risk. The well inventory guidelines we present provide an improved methodology for hydrocarbon proximity studies by acknowledging the importance of both conventional and unconventional well counts as well as the relative exposure risks associated with different primary production categories (e.g., oil, wet gas, dry gas) and developmental stages of wells. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1535.
Publisher: United States: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 0091-6765
EISSN: 1552-9924
DOI: 10.1289/EHP1535
PMID: 28858829
Source: U.S. Government Documents
MEDLINE
PubMed Central
ProQuest Central
DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals

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Toward Consistent Methodology to Quantify Populations in Proximity to Oil and Gas Development: A National Spatial Analysis and Review

COPYRIGHT 2017 National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences ;Copyright National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Aug 2017 ;ISSN: 0091-6765 ;EISSN: 1552-9924 ;DOI: 10.1289/EHP1535 ;PMID: 28858829

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