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Association of Maternal History of Spontaneous Abortion and Stillbirth With Risk of Congenital Heart Disease in Offspring of Women With vs Without Type 2 Diabetes

JAMA Network Open, 2021-11, Vol.4 (11), p.e2133805-e2133805 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2021. This work is published under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;Copyright 2021 Ji H et al. . ;ISSN: 2574-3805 ;EISSN: 2574-3805 ;DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.33805 ;PMID: 34757411

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  • Title:
    Association of Maternal History of Spontaneous Abortion and Stillbirth With Risk of Congenital Heart Disease in Offspring of Women With vs Without Type 2 Diabetes
  • Author: Ji, Honglei ; Liang, Hong ; Yu, Yongfu ; Wang, Ziliang ; Yuan, Wei ; Qian, Xu ; Mikkelsen, Ellen Margrethe ; Laursen, Anne Sofie Dam ; Fang, GuangHong ; Huang, Guoying ; Miao, Maohua ; Li, Jiong
  • Subjects: Abortion, Spontaneous - epidemiology ; Adolescent ; Cardiovascular disease ; Cohort Studies ; Congenital diseases ; Denmark - epidemiology ; Diabetes ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications ; Female ; Heart Defects, Congenital - epidemiology ; Heart Defects, Congenital - etiology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Miscarriage ; Online Only ; Original Investigation ; Pediatrics ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy in Diabetics - epidemiology ; Pregnancy in Diabetics - etiology ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Registries ; Reproductive History ; Stillbirth ; Womens health
  • Is Part Of: JAMA Network Open, 2021-11, Vol.4 (11), p.e2133805-e2133805
  • Description: IMPORTANCE: The associations of maternal history of spontaneous abortion (SA) and stillbirth with congenital heart disease (CHD) remain elusive. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the associations of maternal history of pregnancy loss with CHD in offspring and the role of maternal type 2 diabetes. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This population-based cohort study included singleton live offspring born between January 1, 1977, and December 31, 2016, identified through Danish national health registries. Statistical analysis was performed from October 1, 2019, through September 1, 2021. EXPOSURES: Maternal history of SA, with frequency varying from 1 or 2 to 3 or more episodes, and maternal history of single and multiple stillbirths. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Overall CHD identified by hospital diagnosis. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of CHD. Diabetes was evaluated as a potential confounder and a potential effect modifier. RESULTS: Among 1 642 534 included offspring (mean [SD] age, 14.11 [8.39] years; 843 265 male [51.35%]), 246 669 (15.02%) were born to mothers with a history of SA and 9750 (0.59%) were born to mothers with a history of stillbirth. The HRs of CHD were 1.16 (95% CI, 1.13-1.20) for offspring with a maternal history of SA and 1.49 (95% CI, 1.32-1.68) for offspring with a maternal history of stillbirth. Significant dose-response associations were observed among offspring with a maternal history of 3 or more episodes of SA (HR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.39-1.84) and those with maternal history of multiple stillbirths (HR, 2.75; 95% CI, 1.63-4.65). If only inpatient CHD cases were included, the risk of CHD was higher than that found in the main analysis, with HRs of 1.24 (95% CI, 1.19-1.30) for maternal history of SA and 1.78 (95% CI, 1.51-2.11) for maternal history of stillbirth. The observed associations were strengthened by maternal prepregnancy type 2 diabetes (HR for maternal history of SA, 1.65 [95% CI, 1.37-1.97]; HR for maternal history of stillbirth, 1.74 [95% CI, 1.06-2.85]). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: These findings suggest that offspring born to mothers with a previous SA or stillbirth, especially multiple episodes, or with prepregnancy type 2 diabetes were at a higher risk of being diagnosed with CHD. These findings may help identify women at increased risk in whom detailed fetal heart assessment may be cost-effective and highlight the importance of screening for type 2 diabetes in women of reproductive age.
  • Publisher: United States: American Medical Association
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 2574-3805
    EISSN: 2574-3805
    DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.33805
    PMID: 34757411
  • Source: Journals@Ovid Open Access Journal Collection Rolling
    AUTh Library subscriptions: ProQuest Central
    MEDLINE
    Alma/SFX Local Collection
    DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
    JAMA Network (Open Access)
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