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Impact of cardiovascular disease and risk factors on fatal outcomes in patients with COVID-19 according to age: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Heart (British Cardiac Society), 2021-03, Vol.107 (5), p.373-380 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. ;This article is made freely available for use in accordance with BMJ’s website terms and conditions for the duration of the covid-19 pandemic or until otherwise determined by BMJ. You may use, download and print the article for any lawful, non-commercial purpose (including text and data mining) provided that all copyright notices and trade marks are retained. https://bmj.com/coronavirus/usage? ;Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. 2020 ;ISSN: 1355-6037 ;EISSN: 1468-201X ;DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2020-317901 ;PMID: 33334865

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  • Title:
    Impact of cardiovascular disease and risk factors on fatal outcomes in patients with COVID-19 according to age: a systematic review and meta-analysis
  • Author: Bae, SungA ; Kim, So Ree ; Kim, Mi-Na ; Shim, Wan Joo ; Park, Seong-Mi
  • Subjects: Age groups ; Bias ; Cardiac Risk Factors and Prevention ; Cardiovascular disease ; Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology ; Clinical outcomes ; Comorbidity ; Coronaviruses ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 - mortality ; Diabetes ; Epidemics ; Estimates ; Heart Disease Risk Factors ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Hypotheses ; Influenza ; Meta-analysis ; Mortality ; Patients ; Risk factors ; Sensitivity analysis ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; Systematic review
  • Is Part Of: Heart (British Cardiac Society), 2021-03, Vol.107 (5), p.373-380
  • Description: ObjectivePrevious studies that evaluated cardiovascular risk factors considered age as a potential confounder. We aimed to investigate the impact of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its risk factors on fatal outcomes according to age in patients with COVID-19.MethodsA systematic literature review and meta-analysis was performed on data collected from PubMed and Embase databases up to 11 June 2020. All observational studies (case series or cohort studies) that assessed in-hospital patients were included, except those involving the paediatric population. Prevalence rates of comorbid diseases and clinical outcomes were stratified by mean patient age in each study (ranges: <50 years, 50–60 years and ≥60 years). The primary outcome measure was a composite fatal outcome of severe COVID-19 or death.ResultsWe included 51 studies with a total of 48 317 patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection. Overall, the relative risk of developing severe COVID-19 or death was significantly higher in patients with risk factors for CVD (hypertension: OR 2.50, 95% CI 2.15 to 2.90; diabetes: 2.25, 95% CI 1.89 to 2.69) and CVD (3.11, 95% 2.55 to 3.79). Younger patients had a lower prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and CVD compared with older patients; however, the relative risk of fatal outcomes was higher among the former.ConclusionsThe results of the meta-analysis suggest that CVD and its risk factors (hypertension and diabetes) were closely related to fatal outcomes in COVID-19 for patients across all ages. Although young patients had lower prevalence rates of cardiovascular comorbidities than elderly patients, relative risk of fatal outcome in young patients with hypertension, diabetes and CVD was higher than in elderly patients.Prospero registration numberCRD42020198152.
  • Publisher: England: BMJ Publishing Group LTD
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: ISSN: 1355-6037
    EISSN: 1468-201X
    DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2020-317901
    PMID: 33334865
  • Source: MEDLINE
    ProQuest Central
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