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Ecological drift and the distribution of species diversity

Proceedings of the Royal Society. B, Biological sciences, 2017-05, Vol.284 (1855), p.20170507-20170507 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2017 The Author(s) ;2017 The Author(s). ;Copyright The Royal Society Publishing May 31, 2017 ;2017 The Author(s) 2017 ;ISSN: 0962-8452 ;EISSN: 1471-2954 ;DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2017.0507 ;PMID: 28566486

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Title:
Ecological drift and the distribution of species diversity
Author: Gilbert, Benjamin ; Levine, Jonathan M.
Subjects: Biodiversity ; Competition ; Demographic Stochasticity ; Demographics ; Density dependence ; Divergence ; Drift ; Ecological effects ; Ecology ; Ecosystem ; Extinction ; Growth rate ; Models, Biological ; Neutral Theory ; Plant communities ; Plant populations ; Plants - classification ; Population Dynamics ; Population growth ; Species diversity ; Species extinction ; Stability ; Stochasticity ; Β Diversity
Is Part Of: Proceedings of the Royal Society. B, Biological sciences, 2017-05, Vol.284 (1855), p.20170507-20170507
Description: Ecological drift causes species abundances to fluctuate randomly, lowering diversity within communities and increasing differences among otherwise equivalent communities. Despite broad interest in ecological drift, ecologists have little experimental evidence of its consequences in nature, where competitive forces modulate species abundances. We manipulated drift by imposing 40-fold variation in the size of experimentally assembled annual plant communities and holding their edge-to-interior ratios comparable. Drift over three generations was greater than predicted by neutral models, causing high extinction rates and fast divergence in composition among smaller communities. Competitive asymmetries drove populations of most species to small enough sizes that demographic stochasticity could markedly influence dynamics, increasing the importance of drift in communities. The strong effects of drift occurred despite stabilizing niche differences, which cause species to have greater population growth rates when at low local abundance. Overall, the importance of ecological drift appears greater in non-neutral communities than previously recognized, and varies with community size and the type and strength of density dependence.
Publisher: England: The Royal Society
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 0962-8452
EISSN: 1471-2954
DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2017.0507
PMID: 28566486
Source: MEDLINE
PubMed Central

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Ecological drift and the distribution of species diversity

2017 The Author(s) ;2017 The Author(s). ;Copyright The Royal Society Publishing May 31, 2017 ;2017 The Author(s) 2017 ;ISSN: 0962-8452 ;EISSN: 1471-2954 ;DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2017.0507 ;PMID: 28566486

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